The impact of automation on pharmacy staff experience of workplace stressors

James, Kirsty; Barlow, David J.; Bithell, Anne; Hiom, Sarah; Lord, Sue; Oakley, Pat; Pollard, Mike; Roberts, Dawn E.; Way, Cheryl; Whittlesea, Cate

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00231.x

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Guided by prior studies, the BAU phase was conducted after working with the PRDS for fifteen months, and workflow changes had been implemented to accommodate the new automation. [ 8,13 ] The tool was used to identify factors influencing acceptance during implementation that have a sustained influence over time which will be referred to as the sustained impact .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRDS increase the storage capacity of the pharmacy, improve turnaround time of medication supply and reduce costs. [ 4,6‐8 ] Automation has also been found to improve staff satisfaction, workplace experience and reduce overall stress on the staff who use them. [ 4,8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 9 ] The introduction of new technology can create new, unexpected tasks and problems for the pharmacy to manage such as fault resolution, support and maintenance tasks, and staff training requirements. [ 1,8,9 ] Staff can feel their role is devalued postimplementation and the additional tasks increase workplace stress. [ 8 ] Due to conflicting information, pharmacy leaders must rely on anecdotal information and manufacturer marketing information to review and evaluate the impact of PRDS implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1,8,9 ] Staff can feel their role is devalued postimplementation and the additional tasks increase workplace stress. [ 8 ] Due to conflicting information, pharmacy leaders must rely on anecdotal information and manufacturer marketing information to review and evaluate the impact of PRDS implementation. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors influencing acceptance of robotics in hospital pharmacy: a longitudinal study using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Hogan

Grant

Kelly

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objectives To explore factors influencing hospital pharmacy staff acceptance of a pharmacy robotic dispensing system during implementation and over time. Methods A single centred, prospective, longitudinal cohort quantitative study was conducted in an Australian tertiary public hospital using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model (ETAM). Staff were surveyed during the implementation of a pharmacy dispensing robot (May 2016) and again after working with the system for fifteen months (August 2017). Fishers exact test and correlation analysis of paired responses were used to identify significant factors influencing use of the system between the two time points. Key findings Sixty four respondents completed surveys during implementation (n=64) and 34-paired surveys were collected fifteen months later. Respondents were predominantly young, female with a tertiary qualification. Initial perceptions did not change over time, with the exception of reliability. Departmental leaders had greatest influence on technology acceptance during implementation and over time. Other key factors correlating with acceptance included: how useful the robot was perceived to be; ease of use and how relevant the robot was for an individual role. Higher levels of education had a negative association with usage during implementation and age was not a factor. Conclusion This study identified critical insights influencing staff acceptance of pharmacy robots that will help inform future implementation. The influence of pharmacy leaders emerged as key influence on technology acceptance. Leveraging on this influence a communication strategy prior to implementation should include information on useful functions and known benefits of the system customised for individual roles.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors influencing acceptance of robotics in hospital pharmacy: a longitudinal study using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Hogan

Grant

Kelly

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Automation in drug inventory management has been shown to have a positive effect on the working condition in hospitals, and also saves personnel time and budget. 10,11 It is recommended that similarly positioned tertiary care hospitals can benefit by the implementation of a QI process and utilization of the inventory management system. Administrators should also be aware that an emphasis on automation, requires to be matched with development of effective communication between different categories of hospital staff.…”

Section: Standardized Documentation Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving medical stores management through automation and effective communication

Kumar

Cariappa

Marwaha

et al. 2016

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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m e d i c a l j o u r n a l a r m e d f o r c e s i n d i a 7 2 ( 2 0 1 6 ) 6 1 -6 6 a r t i c l e i n f o Methods:We carried out an indepth case study at the Medical Stores of a tertiary care health care facility. An iterative six step Quality Improvement (QI) process was implemented based on the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle. The QI process was modified as per requirement to fit the medical stores management model. The results were evaluated after six months.Results: After the implementation of QI process, 55 drugs of the medical store inventory which had expired since 2009 onwards were replaced with fresh stock by the suppliers as a result of effective communication through upgraded database management. Various pending audit objections were dropped due to the streamlined documentation and processes.Inventory management improved drastically due to automation, with disposal orders being initiated four months prior to the expiry of drugs and correct demands being generated two months prior to depletion of stocks. The monthly expense summary of drugs was now being done within ten days of the closing month.Conclusion: Improving communication systems within the hospital with vendor database management and reaching out to clinicians is important. Automation of inventory management requires to be simple and user-friendly, utilizing existing hardware. Physical stores monitoring is indispensable, especially due to the scattered nature of stores. Staff training and standardized documentation protocols are the other keystones for optimal medical store management. #

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Occupation‐level automation probability is associated with psychosocial work conditions and workers' health: A multilevel study

Cheng

Pien

Cheng

2020

American J Industrial Med

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ObjectiveWork automation is increasing worldwide, and the probability of job automation has been associated with workers' adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association of occupation‐level automation probability with work stress and workers' health.MethodsWe used data from a national survey of 14,948 randomly selected general workers conducted in 2016. Job control and job demand were assessed by the Job Content Questionnaire, and working hours and job insecurity were self‐reported. Health outcomes were measured according to burnout and work‐related injury or disease. We derived automation probabilities for 38 occupational groups and conducted multilevel analyses to examine the associations between occupation‐level automation probability and workers' safety and health after adjusting for psychosocial work conditions.ResultsParticipants working in jobs with a high probability of automation were more likely to have low job control, higher job insecurity, and work‐related injury and disease prevalence; whereas workers in jobs with a low automation probability had higher psychological and physical demands and burnout prevalence. Furthermore, automation probability significantly predicted workers' health after adjustment for demographic characteristics and psychosocial work conditions.ConclusionsWorkers with low automation probability jobs may experience work stress other than that captured by traditional measures of job strain. Organizational approaches to improve employment security and psychosocial conditions are essential for workers' safety and health in the context of increasing job automation.

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The impact of automation on pharmacy staff experience of workplace stressors

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Factors influencing acceptance of robotics in hospital pharmacy: a longitudinal study using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Factors influencing acceptance of robotics in hospital pharmacy: a longitudinal study using the Extended Technology Acceptance Model

Improving medical stores management through automation and effective communication

Occupation‐level automation probability is associated with psychosocial work conditions and workers' health: A multilevel study

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