The impact of carbon source on cell growth and the production of bioactive compounds in cell suspensions of Hancornia speciosa Gomes

Abstract

Belonging to the Brazilian flora, the species Hancornia speciosa (Gomes), known as mangabeira, has bioactive compounds of interest, such as flavonoids, xanthones, and proanthocyanidins. The objective of this study was to determine how the supplementation of sugars in culture medium affects the osmotic potential of the medium, as well as its influence on cell growth and on the concentration of phenolic compounds. For this purpose, after 90 days of subculture, 20 mL aliquots of the cultures were added to flasks containing 20 mL of medium with different sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, and sorbitol) under a 16-h photoperiod with a spectral range between 400 and 700 nm of photosynthetically active radiation (45–55 μmol m−2 s−1) in a shaker at 110 rpm. After 30 days, the pH, electrical conductivity, osmotic potential, biomass accumulation, and concentrations of phenolic compounds were evaluated. Regardless of their concentration in the medium, the sugars sorbitol and mannitol provided more unfavorable conditions for water absorption at the cellular level, reducing the water potential of the medium. Sucrose favored greater water absorption and biomass accumulation. Among the various sugar concentrations, 3% (30 g/L) sucrose or glucose improved the accumulation of fresh and dry cell weight and the production of polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, rosmarinic acid, hesperidin, rutin, and quercetin. In addition, they resulted in a higher osmotic potential of the medium and larger cells than other carbon sources. Despite the differences in cell size, no culture conditions compromised cell survival.

Establishment of feijoa (Acca sellowiana) callus and cell suspension cultures and identification of arctigenin - a high value bioactive compound

“…Numerous primary and secondary metabolites, such as products of the glyoxylate pathway, anthocyanin and artemisin, have responded differently to sugars ( Arsenault et al., 2010 ). In other species, such as the Brazilian Hancornia speciosa (Gomes) cell suspension cultures, adding 3% glucose increased fresh weight and production of polyphenols ( Dantas et al., 2021 ). The differences seen in the period for achieving the maximum growth during the growth curve between Amer et al.…”

Enhancing the Production of Hydrolytic Enzymes in Elicited Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Cell Suspension Cultures

“…In these cases, higher sucrose concentrations resulted in an osmotic pressure affecting cell growth. In Hancornia speciosa, it was observed that the biomass and accumulation of desirable secondary metabolites were favored by a 3% ( w/v ) sucrose concentration [ 38 ]. In the tested tamarillo ICL, there was not a decline in cell growth with 3% sucrose ( w/v ), just a slow growth compared to the cultures grown with 9% sucrose.…”

Plant Heterotrophic Cultures: No Food, No Growth

“…However, cell lines of only a few species are capable of utilizing sugar alcohols for growth supply. Usually, the growth rate of cultures using mannitol as a substrate is reduced compared to ones with sucrose or glucose [ 84 , 125 , 126 ]. Nevertheless, Apium graveolens cultures grow on medium with mannitol as quickly as with sucrose [ 127 ].…”

“…The metabolism of oligo- and polysaccharides leads to the formation of hexoses, the most common of which are fructose and glucose. Therefore, it is not surprising that these two hexoses are also perfectly absorbed by the cells of many plants [ 125 , 133 , 140 ], including tobacco [ 126 , 135 , 141 , 142 , 143 ] and A. thaliana [ 61 , 144 , 145 ]. In some cases, the combined presence of both of these sugars in the incubation medium gave a better biomass growth compared to those with their individual use [ 84 ].…”

“…In addition, glucose and fructose are not completely equivalent substrates. Glucose provided higher productivity in some cases [ 125 , 140 ]. If both of these sugars are present in the medium, sometimes glucose is preferably absorbed [ 146 ].…”