With the continuous renewal of modern education and teaching ideas, teaching objectives are increasingly focused on how to improve students' comprehensive ability and quality. However, as a basic course for aerospace majors, "Fundamentals of Missile Propulsion and Flight Mechanics" has many prominent problems, such as too many basic knowledge points, abstract concepts and formulas, and not close connection between course content and equipment. Students in the learning process are not high enthusiasm, poor learning effect, ability and quality cannot effectively improve. Aiming at the problems existing in the course teaching, combining with CDIO (Conception, Design, Implementation, Operation) engineering education training mode, the course teaching is redesigned and planned. The teaching practice of the course has proved that the introduction of CDIO teaching concept into the course teaching has stimulated students' learning motivation, and students' abilities and qualities in basic theory, hands-on practice and teamwork have been comprehensively exercised and improved.