The impact of co-infection by a nucleopolyhedrovirus and the endoparasitoid<i>Microplitis pallidipes</i>on the total hemocyte count and composition in larval beet armyworm,<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>

Wan, Nian‐Feng; Ji, Xiang‐Yun; Yin, Yue; Jiang, Jie‐Xian

doi:10.1080/09583157.2015.1050353

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…; Wan et al. ,b). For the experimental purpose, the purified OBs were diluted 1000‐fold with distilled water and concentrations were determined using a Thomas hemocytometer under a phase‐contrast microscope at 400 magnifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of host plants on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedrovirus to Spodoptera exigua larvae

Wan

Jiang

2016

J Applied Entomology

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Previous studies have shown that the infectivity of baculovirus to herbivores is affected by phytochemicals ingested during the acquisition of viral inoculum on the foliage of host plants. Here, we measured the effects of 14 host plant species on the infectivity of Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeNPV) to its larvae. The order of the LD 50 values of SeNPV among the host plants was Ipomoea aquatica > Brassica oleracea > Raphanus sativus > Amaranthus tricolor > Spinacia oleracea > Vigna unguiculata > Solanum melongena > Capsicum annuum > Apium graveolens > Allium fistulosum > Lactuca sativa > Brassica chinensis > Zea mays > Glycine max, with 940.1 AE 2.26, 424.0 AE 0.60, 295.2 AE 1.13, 147.3 AE 0.63, 138.6 AE 0.22, 119.9 AE 0.07, 119.8 AE 0.02, 109.2 AE 0.18, 104.8 AE 0.62, 102.1 AE 0.66, 97.9 AE 0.22, 89.9 AE 0.32, 79.0 AE 0.13 and 64.0 AE 0.38 OBs per larva, respectively, and the values of mean time to death of virus-infected larvae were 6.21 AE 0.11, 7.12 AE 0.10, 7.33 AE 0.21, 6.97 AE 0.02, 7.06 AE 0.01, 7.29 AE 0.03, 7.32 AE 0.05, 7.07 AE 0.08, 7.24 AE 0.11, 7.09 AE 0.13, 7.50 AE 0.06, 7.23 AE 0.01, 7.30 AE 0.02 and 7.19 AE 0.07 days, respectively. The mean time to death of larvae decreased with increasing viral dose, and corrected mortality decreased as the larval mean time to death increased. These findings have significance for understanding the effects of host plants on the infectivity of baculovirus to noctuids.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of host plants on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedrovirus to Spodoptera exigua larvae

Wan

Jiang

2016

J Applied Entomology

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“…At each of the five time points, 20 μL of hemolymph was collected for each replicate to count THC, GR and PL (GR and PL were the two main hemocytes in S. exigua hemolymph) 17 . The collected hemolymph was diluted 20‐fold with an additional 100‐μL of ice‐cold anticoagulant buffer and 80‐μL of 0.1% crystal violet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellular immunity plays an important role in the resistance of herbivores against entomopathogens 14,15 . In this resistance process, plants might influence the composition, morphology and apoptosis of herbivore hemocytes by changing encapsulation 16,17 and phagocytosis 18,19 . Several studies have indicated that entomopathogens can trigger the immune response of herbivores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants impact cellular immunity of caterpillars to an entomovirus

Wang

Zhang

Siemann

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Tri‐trophic interactions among plants, insect herbivores and entomopathogens are one of the hot topics in ecology. Although plants have been shown to impact the interactions between herbivores and entomopathogens, it is still unclear how plants affect the cellular immunity of herbivores to entomopathogens. RESULTS The number of hemocytes and the proportion of two main cell types (granular hemocytes and plasmatocytes), plasmatocyte‐spreading rate, apoptosis rate, two Spodoptera exigua caspase (SeCasp‐1, SeCasp‐5) activities and gene expressions were all higher and the activities and gene expression of S. exigua inhibitor of apoptosis protein (SeIAP) were lower in nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV)‐infected caterpillars fed Ipomoea aquatica than those fed other plants or artificial diet. Scanning electron microscopy images were consistent with molecular patterns of immune responses. CONCLUSION This study suggests that host plants affect the immune responses of herbivores to entomopathogens by manipulating the composition, morphology and apoptosis of herbivore hemocytes, which sheds light on the mechanisms that allow host plants to influence multi‐trophic interactions. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…The supernatant (after removal of larval debris) was then centrifuged twice for 35 min (10,000 g) to concentrate the polyhedra. Purified polyhedra were dispersed in PBS and subjected to 50% sucrose gradient centrifugation (Jiang, Yang, Ji, Zhang, & Wan, 2018;Wan, Ji, Yin et al, 2015). The purified occlusion bodies (OBs) were stored at 4°C until use (Wan, Ji, Zhang, Yang, & Jiang, 2015).…”

Section: Insect Virus and Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous herbivore that feeds on a wide variety of host plants including vegetables, flowers, cotton and corn. Its NPV is an important biological control agent of this pest (Jiang, Ji, Yin, & Wan, ; Wan, Ji, Yin, & Jiang, ; Wan et al., ). In our previous work, we found that there were large differences in the degree of control when a standard virus concentration was administered on soybean, collard and water convolvulus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical variation mediates the susceptibility of insect herbivores to entomoviruses

Wan

Guo

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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It has been reported that the susceptibility of insect herbivores to entomoviruses is affected by phytochemicals ingested during the acquisition of viral inoculum on the foliage of host plants. However, the relationship between this susceptibility and phytochemicals is poorly understood. To test this hypothesis of plant‐mediated effects on this susceptibility, we measured the effects of foliage from three plants, soybeans (Glycine max), collards (Brassica oleracea) and water convolvuluses (Ipomoea aquatica), on the susceptibility of larval beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) to nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV), and analysed six foliar chemicals (total phenolics, peroxidase [POD], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], endochitinase and exochitinase) in the three plants, respectively. The results of exponential modelling indicated that the LD50s (median lethal dose) of NPV to larvae increased with the increase in both phenolics and POD but declined with the increase in four other foliar chemicals, while the opposite trend was found between median lethal time (LT50) of NPV and the six foliar chemicals. This study reveals that phenolics and POD decrease host susceptibility to the entomoviruses and that CAT, SOD, endochitinase and exochitinase increase this susceptibility.

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The impact of co-infection by a nucleopolyhedrovirus and the endoparasitoidMicroplitis pallidipeson the total hemocyte count and composition in larval beet armyworm,Spodoptera exigua

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of host plants on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedrovirus to Spodoptera exigua larvae

Effect of host plants on the infectivity of nucleopolyhedrovirus to Spodoptera exigua larvae

Plants impact cellular immunity of caterpillars to an entomovirus

Phytochemical variation mediates the susceptibility of insect herbivores to entomoviruses

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