The impact of co-national networks on asylum seekers’ employment: Quasi-experimental evidence from Germany

Stips, Felix; Kis‐Katos, Krisztina

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236996

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…ethno-religious associations) tend to increase life satisfaction among persons of immigrant origin. Our findings, thus, agree with labour market integration research where an enclave’s network-quality but not its sheer demographic size has often been found to be the crucial aspect (Edin et al, 2003; Stips and Kis-Katos, 2020). The local presence of ethnic businesses, which have received considerable attention in prior research, does, however, not seem to matter much for life satisfaction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Yet, it regards these benefits as turning increasingly obsolete as immigrants learn to speak the local language fluently and attain middle-class occupations. In fact, there is even evidence that in terms of employment and income, enclave residency switches from initially beneficial (Martén et al, 2019; Stips and Kis-Katos, 2020) to increasingly disadvantageous (Andersson, 2021; Edin et al, 2003). Established immigrants and their descendants also consider whether mainstream middle-class neighbourhoods are better suited for the upbringing of their children and recognise that purchasing real estate in such neighbourhoods is the sounder investment strategy (Barwick, 2016).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethno-religious neighbourhood infrastructures and the life satisfaction of immigrants and their descendants in Germany

2022

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Urban research assigns immigrant enclaves an ambiguous role. While such areas are seen as rich in beneficial ethno-religious infrastructures and networks, they also tend to be located in deprived and stigmatised inner-city neighbourhoods. Research on neighbourhood attainment provides evidence for both, a desire to attain mainstream middle-class neighbourhoods, which grows the more immigrants and their descendants establish themselves in society, but also a continuing attraction of residing close to co-ethnics. To tease apart this ambiguity, we study how the life satisfaction of immigrants and their descendants depends on the characteristics of the neighbourhood they live in, and pay special attention to heterogeneity along generation, country of origin orientation and income. We use classic measures of neighbourhood quality vis-à-vis newly collected data on the spatial density of ethno-religious minority associations, places of worship and grocers. We link these data to the geocoded German Socio-Economic Panel to predict life satisfaction among immigrants and their descendants. To strengthen a causal interpretation of our results, we employ specifications that address self-selection into neighbourhoods and unobserved confounding. Contra the assumptions of standard assimilation models, we document that ethno-religious infrastructures contribute to increased life satisfaction primarily among the second generation, and there especially among sending-country oriented individuals. This suggests a continuing importance of origin-culture infrastructures for some groups. Furthermore, we find little evidence that overall neighbourhood quality, or the mere share of co-ethnics in a neighbourhood, increases life satisfaction either among immigrants or their descendants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethno-religious neighbourhood infrastructures and the life satisfaction of immigrants and their descendants in Germany

2022

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“…Adam et al (2019) point out that teachers of integration courses are often important for refugees to get help or access to other networks, as are to some extent other course participants. This is in line with other research on the role of networks and especially loose ties (Granovetter, 1973) for the economic success and integration of refugees (Beaman, 2012; Stips & Kis-Katos, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Scaling up and Crowding out: How German Adult Education Centers Adapted Course Offers to Refugee Integration

Thomsen

Weilage

2021

Adult Education Quarterly

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Language skills are central to refugee integration and the availability of language courses could thus be a limiting factor. We explore how the most important provider of language courses in Germany, adult education centers (VHS), adapted their course supply to the refugee wave of 2015/2016. Our results highlight two channels through which the local environment can affect opportunities for participation in adult learning: First, exploiting the quasi-random allocation of refugees to counties, we causally estimate by how much VHS scaled up their German language course (DAF) supply as a reaction. Moreover, we show that DAF courses were created almost exclusively at the cost of other courses, that is, by crowding out. Second, we uncover heterogeneities in scaling success. VHS with more prior DAF course experience and larger VHS adapted better, which shows the relevance of initial conditions in course offers.

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“…Evidence on the influence of post-migration social contacts is mixed. While van Tubergen (2011) found a detrimental effect of reliance on co-ethnic job-related social ties on the occupational status of refugees, the common conclusion in economic and sociological literature is that co-ethnic networks are beneficial for refugees' economic outcomes (Massey et al, 1998;Edin et al, 2003;Martén et al, 2019;Gërxhani and Kosyakova, 2020;Stips and Kis-Katos, 2020). Furthermore, co-ethnic networks are essential to the emotional support that refugees need during the challenging time of finding their way in the host country (Beiser and Hou, 2017).…”

Section: Individual-level Correlates Of Refugees' Labor Market Integr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Labor market situation of refugees in Europe: The role of individual and contextual factors

Kosyakova

Kogan

2022

Front. Polit. Sci.

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The paper sheds light on the patterns of labor market integration of refugees in Western countries, who arrived primarily during the 2015–2016 mass refugee migration. Its major focus lies on the role of individual and contextual factors responsible for refugees' success in the labor market. At the host country level, the extent of permeability along the ethnic lines and the welcome of reception—both on the part of the majority population and the part of the established minorities—constitute further essential moderators of refugees' labor market success. This comprehensive literature overview draws on the flourishing body of research in Europe and beyond and discusses commonalities and differences across refugee origins and destinations while paying particular attention to the time trends and meaningful heterogeneities along with refugees' socio-demographic characteristics. We conclude by identifying major avenues for future research.

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The impact of co-national networks on asylum seekers’ employment: Quasi-experimental evidence from Germany

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Ethno-religious neighbourhood infrastructures and the life satisfaction of immigrants and their descendants in Germany

Ethno-religious neighbourhood infrastructures and the life satisfaction of immigrants and their descendants in Germany

Scaling up and Crowding out: How German Adult Education Centers Adapted Course Offers to Refugee Integration

Labor market situation of refugees in Europe: The role of individual and contextual factors

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