The impact of different operating conditions on membrane fouling and EPS production

Polyvinyl alcohol nanofiber reinforced Nafion membranes for fuel cell applications

“…The gas sparging intensity in each operating range is a key operating parameter that must be optimized in order to minimise both investment and operating costs in AnMBR systems. Several strategies to control fouling (Liao et al, 2006;Vallero et al, 2005;Dvořák et al, 2011) aim to optimise filtration whilst minimising investment and operating costs. One such strategy is based on using membranes in sub-critical filtration conditions.…”

Fiber from tangerine juice industry

“…Thus, the effect of MLTS over membrane fouling must be assessed. Membrane fouling can be reduced by different strategies (Vallero et al, 2005;Liao et al, 2006;Dvořák et al, 2011), such as the following: optimizing the frequency and duration of the physical cleaning stages (backflush and relaxation); optimizing different operational variables (e.g. gas sparging intensity); and operating membranes under sub-critical filtration conditions (which are bounded by the so-called critical flux).…”

Sub-critical long-term operation of industrial scale hollow-fibre membranes in a submerged anaerobic MBR (HF-SAnMBR) system

“…Several fouling control strategies can be applied [7,8,9], which must be able to optimise the filtration process with minimum operating and investment cost. The main points of these control strategies as regards membrane operation are: optimising the frequency and duration of the physical cleaning stages (back-flush and relaxation); optimising different operating 4 variables such as gas sparging intensity or permeate/influent flow rate ratios; and operating membranes under the sub-critical filtration conditions bounded by critical flux (JC) [10,11].…”