The impact of glaciers on the runoff and the reconstruction of mass balance history from hydrological data in the tropical Cordillera Blanca, Perú

Kaser, Georg; Juen, Irmgard; Georges, Christian; Gómez, Jesus Antonio Berrocal; Tamayo, William

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(03)00259-2

Cited by 163 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Based on previous studies, the accelerated glacier retreat in this region is believed to be linked with the increase in the frequency and intensity of El Niño events in the past three decades (Francou et al 1995). Likewise, a study of mass balance variability in the Cordillera Blanca in Peru showed that the mass balance reacts to large-scale climate fluctuations related to climate conditions in the tropical Pacific (Kaser et al 2003). Generally speaking, at an annual scale, the ENSO is responsible for mass balance anomalies, which are positive during strong La Niña events and negative during strong El Niño events (Vuille et al 2008b).…”

Section: Preparing Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10) in response to higher precipitation and lower temperatures than in the 1980s and 1990s. Climatic conditions caused either a glacier retreat (1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990) or a glacier advance (1965)(1966)(1967)(1968)(1969)(1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975) with a higher precipitation and lower temperature) in the case of Antisana glacier and other Andean tropical glaciers (Kaser et al 2003, Rabatel et al 2013. Similiar glacier advance behaviour was observed in New Zealand in the same period (1965)(1966)(1967)(1968)(1969)(1970)(1971)(1972)(1973)(1974)(1975) in similar climatic conditions (Fitzharris et al 2007).…”

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On Antisana volcano, precipitation between June and November counts for 44% of total annual precipitation. Consequently, the contrasting behaviour of the mass balance observed during the periods 1963-1975 and 1975-1990 could be explained by variations in ENSO and Pacific Decadal Oscillation during these periods (Espinoza 01 to Jan-97 01 to Jan-98 01 to Jan-99 01 to Jan-00 01 to Jan-01 01 to Jan-02 01 to Jan-03 01 to Jan-04 01 to Jan-05 01 to Jan-06 Kaser et al (2003) in Peru, whereas Model 3 is not. Villacís (2008) showed four periods with different responses by Glacier 15α (1963-1975, 1975-1990, 1990-2001 and 2001-2006), as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10. The inflection points were chosen to compare them with the aerophotogrammetry data available for those dates and with the results obtained by Kaser et al (2003) in Peru and by Rabatel (2005) and Ramírez et al (2001) in Bolivia. This information enabled validation of Model 4.…”

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Manciati¹,

Villacís

Taupin

et al. 2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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Most Latin American glaciers are located in the tropical Andes. The melting processes of Glacier "15" on Antisana volcano were studied to understand the relationship between glacier retreat and natural climate variability and global climate change. Glaciers on the Antisana volcano are crucial sources of water as they feed the headwater rivers that supply Quito with potable water. The aim of this study was to build empirical models based on multiple correlations to reconstruct the mass loss of glaciers over a period of 10 years at three scales: local (data recorded by meteorological stations located around the volcano), regional (data from stations located around the country) and global (re-analysis data). Data quality was checked using graphical and statistical methods. Several empirical models based on multiple correlations were created to generate longer time series (42 and 115 years) of the mass balance for the glacier ablation zone. The long mass balance series were compared with the temperature variation series of the Earth's surface in the Southern Hemisphere to estimate the relation between the mass balance and global warming. Our results suggest that the meteorological factors that best correlate with mass balance are temperature and wind.Key words Ecuador; Andes; Antisana volcano; glacier; ablation zone mass balance; empirical models Modélisation empirique du bilan de masse des glaciers tropicaux d'Amérique du Sud: cas du volcan Antisana, Equateur Résumé La plupart des glaciers d'Amérique latine sont situées dans les Andes tropicales. Les processus de fusion du glacier « 15 » sur le volcan Antisana ont été étudiés pour comprendre la relation entre le recul des glaciers et la variabilité naturelle du climat et / ou le changement climatique mondial. Les glaciers situés sur le volcan Antisana sont des ressources en eau essentielles car ils alimentent les rivières qui fournissent l'eau potable de Quito. L'objectif de cette étude était de construire des modèles empiriques sur la base de corrélations multiples afin de reconstituer la perte de masse des glaciers sur une période de dix ans à trois échelles : locale (données enregistrées par les stations météorologiques situées autour du volcan), régionales (données provenant de stations situées dans le pays) et mondiale (données de réanalyse). La qualité des données a été vérifiée à l'aide de méthodes graphiques et statistiques. Plusieurs modèles empiriques basés sur les corrélations multiples ont été créés pour générer des séries plus longues (42 et 115 ans) du bilan de masse de la zone d'ablation du glacier. La longue série de bilans de masse a été comparée à la courbe de variation de la température de surface de la Terre dans l'hémisphère Sud pour estimer la relation entre le bilan de masse et le réchauffement climatique. Nos résultats suggèrent que les facteurs météorologiques présentant la meilleure corrélation avec le bilan de masse sont la température et le vent.

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Section: Preparing Input Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model 4: Calibrating the Regional And Global Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Manciati¹,

Villacís

Taupin

et al. 2014

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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show abstract

“…Most recently Burns and Nolin (2014) calculated a 25 % reduction in glacier area from 1987 to 2010. Similarly, Racoviteanu et al (2008) calculated a 22.4 % glacier area reduction from 1970 to 2003, during which time the mean glacier terminus elevation increased by 113 m. Glacier changes are altering downstream hydrology, changing water supply in terms of quantity, quality and timing (Baraer et al, 2009(Baraer et al, , 2012Chevallier et al, 2011;Condom et al, 2011;Juen et al, 2007;Kaser et al, 2003;Rabatel et al, 2013). These changes have profound impacts on downstream communities, livelihoods and ecology (Bury et al, 2013(Bury et al, , 2011Carey et al, 2014;Mark et al, 2010;Postigo et al, 2008;Young, 2009Young, , 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring tropical debris-covered glacier dynamics from high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Wigmore

Mark

2017

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. The glaciers of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru, are rapidly retreating and thinning as a result of climate change, altering the timing, quantity and quality of water available to downstream users. Furthermore, increases in the number and size of proglacial lakes associated with these melting glaciers is increasing potential exposure to glacier lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Understanding how these glaciers are changing and their connection to proglacial lake systems is thus of critical importance. Most satellite data are too coarse for studying small mountain glaciers and are often affected by cloud cover, while traditional airborne photogrammetry and lidar are costly. Recent developments have made unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) a viable and potentially transformative method for studying glacier change at high spatial resolution, on demand and at relatively low cost.Using a custom designed hexacopter built for high-altitude (4000-6000 m a.s.l.) operation, we completed repeat aerial surveys (2014 and 2015) of the debris-covered Llaca Glacier tongue and proglacial lake system. High-resolution orthomosaics (5 cm) and digital elevation models (DEMs) (10 cm) were produced and their accuracy assessed. Analysis of these datasets reveals highly heterogeneous patterns of glacier change. The most rapid areas of ice loss were associated with exposed ice cliffs and meltwater ponds on the glacier surface. Considerable subsidence and low surface velocities were also measured on the sediments within the pro-glacial lake, indicating the presence of extensive regions of buried ice and continued connection to the glacier tongue. Only limited horizontal retreat of the glacier tongue was observed, indicating that measurements of changes in aerial extent alone are inadequate for monitoring changes in glacier ice quantity.

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Hydrology of Glacierized Basins

Willis

2005

Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences

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The presence of snow and ice and the lack of vegetation and soil make the hydrology of glacierized basins very different to that of equivalent nonglacierized basins. This article discusses how the characteristics of glacierized basins control their runoff regime and its interannual, intraannual, and intraseasonal variability. The magnitudes and patterns of seasonal water storage and release associated with the snowpack, firn layers, and englacial and subglacial drainage systems are also considered. The controls on flooding in glacierized catchments are discussed with specific reference to the catastrophic drainage of ice‐dammed subglacial and ice‐marginal lakes, moraine‐dammed proglacial lakes, and drainage of water from the englacial/subglacial drainage network that may be triggered by high surface melting or rainstorms. Finally, the effects of climate change on runoff regimes, water storage, and floods are assessed. The similarities and differences between the hydrological regimes of mid‐, high‐, and low‐latitude basins containing glaciers with different thermal regimes are highlighted.

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The impact of glaciers on the runoff and the reconstruction of mass balance history from hydrological data in the tropical Cordillera Blanca, Perú

Cited by 163 publications

References 13 publications

Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Empirical mass balance modelling of South American tropical glaciers: case study of Antisana volcano, Ecuador

Monitoring tropical debris-covered glacier dynamics from high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, Cordillera Blanca, Peru

Hydrology of Glacierized Basins

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