The Impact of Immediate Verbal Feedback on the Improvement of Swimming Technique

Zatoń, Krystyna; Szczepan, Stefan

doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0042

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Important insights concerning this process have stemmed from new lines of research [1,2,3]. Many recent studies have undertaken issues related to the processing of information, recognising it as an important aspect in learning and improving swimming technique [4,5]. The foundation of the development process of improved swimming technique is the classical theory of information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed

Szczepan

Zatoń

Klarowicz

2016

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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Introduction. Developing the ability to control the speed of swimming is an important part of swimming training. Maintaining a defined constant speed makes it possible for the athlete to swim economically at a low physiological cost. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of concurrent visual feedback transmitted by the Leader device on the control of swimming speed in a single exercise test. Material and methods. The study involved a group of expert swimmers (n = 20). Prior to the experiment, the race time for the 100 m distance was determined for each of the participants. In the experiment, the participants swam the distance of 100 m without feedback and with visual feedback. In both variants, the task of the participants was to swim the test distance in a time as close as possible to the time designated prior to the experiment. In the first version of the experiment (without feedback), the participants swam the test distance without receiving real-time feedback on their swimming speed. In the second version (with visual feedback), the participants followed a beam of light moving across the bottom of the swimming pool, generated by the Leader device. Results. During swimming with visual feedback, the 100 m race time was significantly closer to the time designated. The difference between the pre-determined time and the time obtained was significantly statistically lower during swimming with visual feedback (p = 0.00002). Conclusions. Concurrently transmitting visual feedback to athletes improves their control of swimming speed. The Leader device has proven useful in controlling swimming speed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed

Szczepan

Zatoń

Klarowicz

2016

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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“…An example is wireless communication using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, which has been used to assess intensity by measuring heart rate. Zatoń, Szczepan (2014) have used radio waves for wireless verbal communication with the swimmer in order to improve swimming technique. Turner, Smith, Coleman (2008) reported the swimming rate with the use of an audio system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An example of this includes a device for wireless communication with the swimmer (Zatoń, Szczepan, 2014), which improves the quality and flow of verbal information between the coach and the swimmer. Also, a visual means for the transmission of information via a timer submerged at the bottom of the pool has been used (Gonzalez et al, 2002;Perez, Llana, Brizuela, Encarnación, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the New Visual Swimming Pace Control System in Real-Time

Szczepan¹,

Zatoń²

2017

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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Controlling swimming speed, i.e. the intensity of physical activity, is an important factor in swimming training. The aim of this study was to validate the new "Swimming Pace Control System" (SPCS) for the control of swimming speed in real time using visual information. Submerged at the bottom of the pool was a system equipped with LEDs and software that informed the swimmer of the appropriate distance and swimming speed. A validation test was completed with an accuracy of ±200ms which compared the predetermined time for the beam of light emitted by the SPCS and the times achieved and recorded by the electronic starting system; "Colorado Time System" (Colorado Time, USA). The average time required to move the beam simulated by the SPCS at fixed distances (150 m, 100 m, 50 m) was within the assumed error of measurement (500 ms). SPCS was proven to be useful for control of swimming speed in real-time with the aid of visual information. The system gives an objective indication of swimming speed, thus it can be used in swimming training and during empirical research. Key words visual information, swimming speed, speed control system, device validation IntroductıonObjective assessment of the achievements of athletes is a popular topic (Toussaint, Truijens, 2005). With scientific and technological progress there comes the growing possibility of obtaining feedback in order to assess technical capacity and endurance. This then leads to improvements in the performance of athletes across a range of different disciplines.The need for measuring and evaluating numerous technical parameters and physiological forces is a means of creating improved diagnostic methods and measuring devices. The focal parameters where improvements are highly sought-after are diagnostic evaluation, technique, and stamina. A multitude of methods for recording and quantifying technical data and movement provides trainers and researchers with many possibilities, which in turn results in improved athletic performance.

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“…Indeed, specific environmental factors make it more difficult to exchange information (head immersed in water, swimming cap, ambient noise) and this leads to errors (Zaton & Szczepan, 2014). From this point of view, extrinsic feedback represents a very useful mean of interaction between swimmer and coach in order to provide the optimum stimulus of best performance obtaining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The quantity of information conveyed to the learner must be limited. It is worth noting that unimportant data are not stored (sometimes permanently) within long-term memory, which gather in experiences and motor habits; hence, the necessity to provide the learner with real-time information and accurate instructions (Zaton & Szczepan, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive neuromuscular control improvement by using extrinsic feedback as learning tool, in swimming

Ilie

2017

PROSOC

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In this study, we started from the hypothesis that if we use the nautical sports simulator as learning mean and a tool to create visually extrinsic feedback, then we will be able to determine an effective change in the sensory-motor response at upper limb in order to improve progressive neuromuscular control. Using feedback as learning and optimizing mean of training is one of the desires of athletes training and, at the same time, an objective mean of raising the athlete's awareness of the way in which he manifests his motor behaviour. The importance of implementing feedback in the training of athletes is also highlighted by the achievement of valuable results both in individual sports and in sports games. The ways that feedback can be implemented in the training varies according to the purpose, the specificity of the sport, the way of interpretation and the approach of its results. The purpose of this research was to improve de capacity of the progressive neuromuscular control at the upper limbs level, in swimming, using extrinsic feedback. The experimental approach was carried out within the research centre for human performance from University of Pitesti, Romania and had four junior as participants with 7-10 years experience in this sport, national medalists and champions. External feedback was provided using a nautical condition simulator that provided graphical trajectories specific to how they managed to control the level of force exerted on the palm. The training plan involved 15-20 minutes training for each swimmer with a frequency of two sessions per week for 3 weeks for each technical aspect of the research. The results reflected how each athlete managed to correct the sensory response according to the given stimulus. During the study, the swimmers expressed varied ways of adapting to the stimuli, having the greatest difficulties of neuromotor reorganisation especially in the transition to the last level of force increase. In conclusion, the approach confirmed that extrinsic feedback is an objective mean of sensory-motor learning and reorganization and, implicitly, an improvement tool of progressive neuromuscular control in swimming, the logistic actuators having a decisive role in achieving the purpose of the research.

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The Impact of Immediate Verbal Feedback on the Improvement of Swimming Technique

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed

The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed

Validation of the New Visual Swimming Pace Control System in Real-Time

Progressive neuromuscular control improvement by using extrinsic feedback as learning tool, in swimming

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