The impact of incarceration on juvenile offenders

Lambie, Ian; Randell, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.01.007

Cited by 213 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…That is, depression and substance abuse constitute the variables of greater explanatory weight for the condition of being in a situation of deprivation of liberty, although it is logical to think that precisely this condition could be the precipitating factor for the appearance and/or exacerbation of negative emotional states. An issue that would reveal, as found by Lambie and Randell (2013), the negative effects of internment and the need for possible alternative measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-cognitive and personal characteristics of young offenders: a field study

Borrás¹,

Pol²,

Hernández

et al. 2017

Int. j. psychol. res.

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Adolescence is characterised by a higher prevalence of risk-taking and the challenging of social norms, which appears to bear a relationship to personal abilities and social-cognitive deficits. With the aim of understanding this relationship, a comparative study was undertaken with two groups of adolescents, one belonging to the standard population and one comprising young people who have been subject to correctional measures. In order to evaluate the variables involved, use was made of the Questionnaire for the Assessment of Psychopathology in Adolescence (Q-PAD). The results obtained show that both groups display significant differences in all the variables considered in the Questionnaire, with the exception of those relating to body dissatisfaction and family conflicts. Succinctly, it emerged that the juvenile offenders had emotional and interpersonal problems and were at risk of psychological disturbance. They demonstrated uncertainty about the future, liability to substance abuse, and issues of self-esteem. These results suggest the need for prevention and intervention programmes which specifically take into account these variables. ResumenLa adolescencia constituye una etapa caracterizada por una mayor prevalencia de conductas de riesgo y antinormativas que se relacionan con competencias personales y sociocognitivas deficitarias. Al objeto de conocer dicha relación, se llevó a cabo un estudio comparativo con dos grupos de adolescentes -uno perteneciente a la población normal (n = 35) y el otro compuesto por jóvenes sujetos a medidas de reforma (n = 44) -. Para la evaluación de las variables objeto de estudio se utilizó el Cuestionario para la Evaluación de Problemas en Adolescentes (Q-PAD). Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que ambos grupos presentan diferencias significativas en todas las variables contempladas en el instrumento a excepción de las relativas a la insatisfacción corporal y a los conflictos familiares. Sucintamente, se encontró que los menores infractores presentan problemas emocionales, interpersonales, de riesgo psicosocial, incertidumbre sobre el futuro, abuso de sustancias y de autoestima. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de programas de prevención e intervención que contemplen dichas variables de forma específica.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-cognitive and personal characteristics of young offenders: a field study

Borrás¹,

Pol²,

Hernández

et al. 2017

Int. j. psychol. res.

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“…5 There is mounting evidence, however, that this approach fails to meet either the developmental or criminogenic needs of youth. 2 Instead, incarceration frequently exacerbates psychiatric conditions among offenders, perpetuating engagement in criminal activity and contact with the justice system. 2 The economic costs, in turn, are tremendous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Week Psychosocial Intervention Reduces Future Aggression and Incarceration in Clinically Aggressive Juvenile Offenders

Kendall

Emerson

Hartmann

et al. 2017

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psych

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Objective There is a largely unmet need for evidence-based interventions that reduce future aggression and incarceration in clinically aggressive juvenile offenders serving probation. We addressed this gap using a group randomized controlled trial. Offenders both with and without clinical aggression were included, enabling comparison of intervention effects. Method Juveniles 13–17 years old (N = 310, mean = 16 years, 90% African-American, 66% male) on probation were assigned to a 2-week intervention targeting psychosocial factors implicated in risky behavior (e.g., learning strategies to manage “hot” emotions that prompt risk taking) or to an equally intensive health promotion control. Participants completed aggression measures at baseline, 6-, and 12-month follow-up and reported on incarceration at 12 months. Spline regression tested symptom change. Results Among clinically aggressive offenders (n = 71), the intervention arm showed significantly greater reductions in aggression over the first 6 months compared with controls. Juveniles from the intervention no longer met clinical criteria, on average, but clinically significant symptoms persisted in the control group. By 12 months, participants from the intervention appeared to maintain treatment gains, but their symptom levels no longer differed significantly from those in the control. However, the intervention group was nearly 4 times less likely than controls to report incarceration. Intervention effects were significantly stronger for offenders with clinical than nonclinical (n = 239) baseline aggression. Conclusion A 2-week intervention expedited improvements in aggression and reduced incarceration in clinically aggressive juvenile offenders. The findings underscore the importance of directing intervention resources to the most aggressive youth. Clinical trial registration information PHAT Life: Preventing HIV/AIDS Among Teens in Juvenile Justice (PHAT Life); http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT02647710.

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“…Each offender status along the continuum of justice system involvement (i.e., arrested, detained, incarcerated, transferred) is more severe than the last; increased system exposure is characterized by harsher sanctions, more restrictive placement, and less access to behavioral health services or other rehabilitative efforts common in the juvenile justice system. [13][14][15][16][17] The objective of this study was to test the associations between the level of involvement in the justice system and youth mortality. The authors hypothesized that the annual mortality rate would increase incrementally by the severity of youth involvement in the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%