The impact of obesity on the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of COVID-19

Dhanraj, Priyanka; Pitere, Reabetswe R.; Pepper, Michael Sean

doi:10.7196/samj.2021v111i2.15398

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…There is a suggestion that the adipocyte could be a viral reservoir resulting in an increased SARS-CoV2 viral load. This, coupled with impaired T cell mediated immune responses seen in obesity, may result in the cytokine release syndrome resulting in COVID-19 mortality [ 29 ]. It remains unclear whether obesity may be influencing COVID-19 related mortality in PWH, since formal body mass indices (BMI) are not routinely measured in many studies, and this comorbidity may therefore be underrepresented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 admissions in a population with a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study

et al. 2022

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Background There is still a paucity of evidence on the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) and those co-infected with tuberculosis (TB), particularly in areas where these conditions are common. We describe the clinical features, laboratory findings and outcome of hospitalised PWH and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected COVID-19 patients as well as those co-infected with tuberculosis (TB). Methods We conducted a multicentre cohort study across three hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. All adults requiring hospitalisation with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia from March to July 2020 were analysed. Results PWH comprised 270 (19%) of 1434 admissions. There were 47 patients with active tuberculosis (3.3%), of whom 29 (62%) were PWH. Three-hundred and seventy-three patients (26%) died. The mortality in PWH (n = 71, 26%) and HIV-uninfected patients (n = 296, 25%) was comparable. In patients with TB, PWH had a higher mortality than HIV-uninfected patients (n = 11, 38% vs n = 3, 20%; p = 0.001). In multivariable survival analysis a higher risk of death was associated with older age (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) 1.03 95%CI 1.02–1.03, p < 0.001), male sex (AHR1.38 (95%CI 1.12–1.72, p = 0.003) and being “overweight or obese” (AHR 1.30 95%CI 1.03–1.61 p = 0.024). HIV (AHR 1.28 95%CI 0.95–1.72, p 0.11) and active TB (AHR 1.50 95%CI 0.84–2.67, p = 0.17) were not independently associated with increased risk of COVID-19 death. Risk factors for inpatient mortality in PWH included CD4 cell count < 200 cells/mm3, higher admission oxygen requirements, absolute white cell counts, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, C-reactive protein, and creatinine levels. Conclusion In a population with high prevalence of HIV and TB, being overweight/obese was associated with increased risk of mortality in COVID-19 hospital admissions, emphasising the need for public health interventions in this patient population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 admissions in a population with a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study

et al. 2022

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“…У пациентов с ожирением гипертрофированные адипоциты продуцируют избыточное количество провоспалительных цитокинов: интерлейкин 6 (ИЛ-6), ИЛ-8, моноцит-хемоатрактивный протеин-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), ингибитор активатора плазминогена (PAI-1) и др., что приводит к усилению привлечения макрофагов (особенно М1-поляризованных макрофагов) в жировую ткань [15,17]. В свою очередь макрофаги продуцируют огромное количество биоактивных пептидов: ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8, ФНО-α (фактор некроза опухоли-α), и МХП-1 (моноцит-хемоаттрактивный протеин 1).…”

Section: роль гиперцитокинемии и гиперкоагуляцииunclassified

“…Более того, под действием ФНО-α и ИЛ-1 активируется путь NF-kB (ядерный фактор kB) cигнального пути, что приводит к увеличению уровня циркулирующих свободных жирных кислот. [16,17]. В результате развивается гиперцитокинемия, приводящая к хроническому метаболическому воспалению.…”

Section: роль гиперцитокинемии и гиперкоагуляцииunclassified

Pathophysiological aspects of the effect of obesity on the course of viral diseases

Lobanova,

Skuridina,

Bairova

2024

jour

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COVID-19 is a pandemic causing extreme problems in the public health system around the world. In this regard, the search for conditions associated with severe course and an increase in the death rate from COVID-19 continues to be actively conducted. Obesity creates an unfavorable background for the course of COVID-19, increasing the risk of transferring patients to the intensive care unit, the need for artificial lung ventilation and significantly affecting the mortality rate. This review presents data on the probable pathogenetic mechanisms of the effect of obesity on the course of COVID-19: restrictive disorders of the respiratory system, hyperactivation of the proinflammatory status, hypercoagulation, the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and amino acid-sensitive pathways. The progressive increase in new cases of obesity requires further study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the effect of obesity on the course of COVID-19 and the prospects for new treatment methods for these patients.

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The impact of obesity on the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of COVID-19

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 admissions in a population with a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study

Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 admissions in a population with a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study

Pathophysiological aspects of the effect of obesity on the course of viral diseases

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