The Impact of Pre- and Probiotic Product Combinations on Ex vivo Growth of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella Enteritidis

Abstract

Due to the global spread of antibiotic resistance, there is a strong demand to replace antimicrobial growth promotors in livestock. To identify suitable additives that inhibit the growth of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O1/O18 and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis strains, an ex vivo screening was performed. Inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were investigated as prebiotics. Enterococcus faecium and Bacillus coagulans served as probiotic strains. Firstly, the pathogen was anaerobically incubated in caecal digesta from different broiler breeder flocks with the addition of feed additives. Secondly, subsamples of these suspensions were incubated in an antibiotic medium for selective growth of the pathogen. During this step, turbidity was recorded, and lag times were calculated for each pathogen as readout of growth inhibition. Combinations of E. faecium with inulin or FOS significantly extended the lag time for E. coli compared to control. Moreover, older age was a significant factor to enhance this inhibitory effect. In contrast, the combination of FOS and B. coagulans showed shorter lag times for S. Enteritidis. Our results indicate that the E. faecium strain with prebiotics may inhibit the pathogen proliferation in the studied poultry flocks. Furthermore, our results suggest that prophylactic treatments should be assigned by feed additive, age and animal origin.

Associations between antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli isolates and antimicrobial use in Canadian turkey flocks

“…Our study also identified AMR in E. coli isolated from flocks with no previous antimicrobial use history (e.g., tetracyclines and aminoglycosides resistance), stressing the importance of future studies to identify additional risk factors besides AMU (aspects of biosecurity including downtime/rest period, cleaning and disinfection and use of premise disinfectants) that impact the development of AMR. In addition, future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial alternatives (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics) (Brown et al, 2017;Fuhrmann et al, 2022;Reddy et al, 2022) to reduce the emergence of resistance to individual and multiple antimicrobial classes. This study methodology could be used to evaluate the AMU-AMR linkages in other animals as well as in humans.…”

Effect of Pumpkin Soygurt on Microbiota Balance in Diabetes Mellitus Model Rats

“…Prebiotics can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli in the mucous layer, thus preventing infection in the host (Zou et al, 2020). In addition, the prebiotic fermentation process by probiotic bacteria will cause the intestinal environment to become acidic, thereby inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli (Orr et al, 2019;Fuhrmann et al, 2022).…”

Effects of a Specific Pre- and Probiotic Combination and Parent Stock Vaccination on Performance and Bacterial Communities in Broilers Challenged with a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli

“…The feed composition and analyzed nutrient contents of the diets are shown in Table 6 (complete analysis is shown in Supplementary Table S8 ). The pre-/probiotic combination was selected according to its promising effect on growth inhibition of E. coli O1/O18 in a preliminary ex vivo study [ 65 ]. A commercial granulated probiotic product containing E. faecium DSM 7134 (1 × 10 10 cfu/g additive, Bonvital ® , LACTOSAN GmbH & Co. KG, Kampfenberg, Austria) was used at a dose of 0.1 g/kg diet according to the manufacturer’s recommendations for minimum inclusion level.…”

“…DNA was extracted from 250 mg crop and cecal contents (for 16S rDNA sequencing) or excreta samples (for qPCR), respectively. A commercial extraction kit (QIAamp PowerFecal Pro DNA Kit, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) was used according to the manufacturer’s protocol, except for an additional lysis step at 65 °C for 10 min, as previously described [ 65 ]. Thereafter, the DNA extracts were frozen at −30 °C until further analysis.…”