The impact of primary Sjogren's syndrome on pregnancy outcome: Our series and review of the literature

Pregnancy and primary Sjögren’s syndrome: management and outcomes in a multicentre retrospective study of 54 pregnancies

“…The available studies are mainly based on questionnaires and interviews (9,17,18) or case-control studies (11,13,19,20) and the data remain controversial. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such study involving a control group matched to cases by age and BMI.…”

“…Previous reports of pregnancy outcomes in women with pSS are conflicting; indeed, three series have reported increased rate of spontaneous abortions, foetal losses, or caesarean sections (9)(10)(11). On the contrary, one nested case-control study emphasized that pregnant women with pSS had a similar rate of spontaneous abortions and foetal losses (12).…”

Sjögren Syndrome and Pregnancy: A Literature Review

“…This may be related to a pathologic intrauterine growth restriction and is not influenced by the timing of the delivery. 13 An increased frequency of cesarean delivery was observed in patients with Sjögren syndrome. 17 This might be caused by an increased risk of severe fetal outcomes in pregnancies in the Sjögren syndrome population resulting from an increased risk of fetal growth restriction.…”

“…Several studies have reported an increased rate of spontaneous abortion and fetal loss associated with Sjögren syndrome (Table 1). 4,[12][13][14] This may be explained by, first, the usually older age of the patients at the time of conception and, second, a possible immunologic factor involved in the mechanisms of miscarriage. 14 Various studies have demonstrated an extremely variable rate of induced abortions, depending on the counseling given about the fetal-maternal risks and the socioeconomic status of the patient (Table 1).…”

The 2014 ACR annual meeting: a bird’s eye view of autoimmunity in 2015

“…Several studies have been designed to explore the implication that the early evaluation of disease activity may have on the prognosis of primary SjS [69][70][71]. A retrospective systematic search through an Italian computerized database of 1445 patients was performed to dissect the clinical presentation and clinical course of primary SjS in patients with early-onset disease and to compare the characteristics of the disease between this group of patients and a control group of patients with primary SjS and a "typical onset" disease [72].…”