The Impact of Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel/Carbon Steel Clad Rebar

Feng, Yingying; Yu, Huan; Luo, Zongan; Misra, R.D.K.; Xie, Guangjun

doi:10.3390/ma12182868

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…As the distance from carbon steel increased, the carbon content decreased so that the duplex phase of ferrite and martensite was formed. Feng et al reported that the composite rebar, the core of which was 20 MnSi and the cladding metal was 304 stainless steel, heterogeneous phases containing bainite phase were formed at the interface due to diffusion [24]. Figure 6b expounds hardness distribution that is measured from the carbon steel side to the stainless steel side.…”

Section: Interface Microstructure Of the Ssc Rebarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Characteristics and Properties of a High-Strength Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel Clad Rebar

Liu¹,

Gui²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Metals

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This paper aims at manufacturing stainless steel clad (SSC) rebars by metal deposition and a hot rolling method as well as characterizing its interface features and mechanical properties. The interface of the SSC rebar is relatively flat and clean, exhibiting a metallurgical bonding state at the microscale. Decarburization occurred at the interface in the carbon steel side of the SSC rebar. The diffusion of C, Cr, as well as Mn was measured across the interface of the SSC rebar, and the diffusion distance of Cr and Mn was found at 32 µm and 25 µm, respectively. The Vickers hardness testing in the transition zone of the SSC rebar near the carbon side showed 545 HV0.2 due to the martensite phase formed by the diffusion of key elements C, Cr, and Mn. The microstructure in the transition zone near the stainless steel reveals the duplex structure of martensite and ferrite. The carbide precipitations were observed near the interface, both in the transition zone and in the base metal of the stainless steel zone. The yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of the SSC rebar were found as 423 MPa, 602 MPa, and 22%. No macroscopic crack was observed after the positive or negative bending tests.

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Section: Interface Microstructure Of the Ssc Rebarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Characteristics and Properties of a High-Strength Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel Clad Rebar

Liu¹,

Gui²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Metals

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“…However, this process was limited by certain issues, such as the uneven distribution of the stainless steel cladding and the difficulty of engaging the rolling mill. Feng et al [ 17 ] used a thermal simulator to prepare 20MnSi/306L rebars with different compression temperatures (950 °C and 1050 °C) and compression rates (50% and 70%). When the compression rate increased from 50% to 70%, the number of oxides on the composite interface significantly decreased, the grains became continuously thinner, and the tensile strength of the rebar increased from 589 MPa to 690 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum-Hot-Rolled 55#/316L Clad Rebars

Zhuang²,

Qian³

et al. 2023

Materials

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The existing process for the preparation of cladded rebars is too complicated for large-scale industrial production. Therefore, this paper proposes a 55#/316L rebar preparation method based on vacuum hot rolling. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite interface of the rebar, along with the connecting technique, were studied using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Vickers hardness testing. The obtained results showed that the minimum thickness of the 55#/316L rebar cladding was 0.25 mm, which was twice that of the M 329M/M 329-11 design standard used in the United States of America. Due to the diffusion of carbon, large numbers of second-phase particles were precipitated on the stainless-steel side, which resulted in intergranular chromium depletion. After multi-pass hot rolling, the minimum bonding strength of the composite interface reached 316.58 MPa, which was considerably higher than the specified value of 210 MPa. In addition, we designed three different types of rebar connection joints: sleeve, groove-welded, and bar-welded. According to the tensile test, the bar-welded joint had higher yield strength (385 MPa) and tensile strength (665 MPa) than the base rebar (376.6 MPa and 655 MPa), as well as a very high corrosion resistance.

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“…Feng et al simulated the rolling process of clad rebars in the laboratory using a thermal simulator and a specific fixture. When the deformation was increased from 50% to 70%, all of the properties of the bars were improved [ 15 ]. Liu et al prepared 9Cr18MoV/Cr13 clad rebars using a liquid–solid continuous casting method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile Change Law of Clad Rebars and the Formation Mechanism of Composite Interfaces during Hot Rolling

Qian

Xiang³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Rough- and intermediate-rolled composite billets and finished clad rebars were cut using flying shears. The law of metal rheology and the mechanism of composite interface generation during clad rebar formation were then investigated using metallographic microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The radial deformation trend of the clad rebars was greater than that of HRB400 rebars and “ears” were more likely to appear during the rolling process. The widths of the decarburization and composite zones and diffusion distances of each element decreased as the cumulative reduction rate increased. Furthermore, as deformation increased, the number of oxides on the composite interface significantly decreased, the proportion of recrystallized grains increased, and the grains became more refined. These changes led to increases in the bond and tensile strengths of the composite interface. According to the research above, the pass filling degree should be within 0.85–0.9 and the cumulative reduction rate should be over 80% when rolling clad rebars.

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The Impact of Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel/Carbon Steel Clad Rebar

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Interface Characteristics and Properties of a High-Strength Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel Clad Rebar

Interface Characteristics and Properties of a High-Strength Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel Clad Rebar

Interface Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum-Hot-Rolled 55#/316L Clad Rebars

Profile Change Law of Clad Rebars and the Formation Mechanism of Composite Interfaces during Hot Rolling

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