The impact of race and ethnicity in breast cancer—disparities and implications for precision oncology

Hirko, Kelly A.; Rocque, Gabrielle Betty; Reasor, Erica; Taye, Ammanuel; Daly, Alex; Cutress, Ramsey I.; Copson, Ellen; Lee, Dae-Won; Lee, Kyung-Hun; Im, Seock‐Ah; Park, Yeon Hee

doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02260-0

Cited by 64 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Younger Black women tend to be diagnosed at a later stage, with more aggressive tumours such as triple‐negative phenotype and with more metastases than White women (Hirko et al, 2022 ; Stringer‐Reasor et al, 2021 ). However, although inequalities in survival are partially explained by differences in tumour biology, stage of presentation and socio‐economic status (Carey et al, 2006 ; Linnenbringer et al, 2020 ; O'Brien et al, 2010 ; Shariff‐Marco et al, 2015 ; Silber et al, 2013 ; Warner et al, 2015 ), residual disparities remain after controlling for these factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among White British and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors in the United Kingdom

McGuinness

Hughes

Moss‐Morris

et al. 2022

European J Cancer Care

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Objective Around half of women do not take adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) as prescribed. Research suggests that adherence rates vary across ethnic groups. This study compared AET adherences rates in White British women and women from minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom. Methods This is an observational study with 2001 breast cancer survivors recruited from outpatient clinics. Eligible women were diagnosed with primary breast cancer and prescribed AET within the last 3 years. Adherence was measured using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale. Eligible women were asked to complete a questionnaire pack that collected sociodemographic data such as age, relationship status and ethnicity. Independent samples t tests and χ2 tests were used to compare White British women and women from minority ethnic groups on self‐reported adherence to AET. Results Of White British women, 27.8% were classed as non‐adherent, compared to 44.4% of women from minority ethnic groups. A logistic regression controlling for relevant demographics indicated that women from minority ethnic groups had a significantly higher risk of non‐adherence than women who were White British (odds ratio = 1.50, p = 0.03) Conclusion Rates of non‐adherence to AET are higher in women from minority ethnic groups, which may contribute towards racial disparities in breast cancer outcomes. Research with larger and more diverse samples is needed to explore this further and to investigate the psychosocial factors driving differences in adherence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among White British and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors in the United Kingdom

McGuinness

Hughes

Moss‐Morris

et al. 2022

European J Cancer Care

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“…The TCM database is currently the largest and most comprehensive free small-molecular database of substances that are important in traditional Chinese medicine that can be used for virtual screening. The geographic distribution of natural products is especially interesting for CYP-related FDI, as CYP genetic variation has been shown to be related to ethnicity [ 53 , 99 , 100 ].…”

Section: Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer-Aided (In Silico) Modeling of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Food–Drug Interactions (FDI)

Guttman

Kerem

2022

IJMS

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Modifications of the activity of Cytochrome 450 (CYP) enzymes by compounds in food might impair medical treatments. These CYP-mediated food–drug interactions (FDI) play a major role in drug clearance in the intestine and liver. Inter-individual variation in both CYP expression and structure is an important determinant of FDI. Traditional targeted approaches have highlighted a limited number of dietary inhibitors and single-nucleotide variations (SNVs), each determining personal CYP activity and inhibition. These approaches are costly in time, money and labor. Here, we review computational tools and databases that are already available and are relevant to predicting CYP-mediated FDIs. Computer-aided approaches such as protein–ligand interaction modeling and the virtual screening of big data narrow down hundreds of thousands of items in databanks to a few putative targets, to which the research resources could be further directed. Structure-based methods are used to explore the structural nature of the interaction between compounds and CYP enzymes. However, while collections of chemical, biochemical and genetic data are available today and call for the implementation of big-data approaches, ligand-based machine-learning approaches for virtual screening are still scarcely used for FDI studies. This review of CYP-mediated FDIs promises to attract scientists and the general public.

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“…12,13 Addressing cancer disparities will require targeted efforts to equitably improve cancer care delivery across the care continuum; from detection, through treatment, and to survivorship. 14 Cancer screening is an effective tool that can reduce the burden of cancer by increasing early detection of disease, and thereby improving survival rates. Yet, cancer screening programmes are underutilised, particularly among medically underserved groups, including rural populations, 15 and racial and ethnic minority populations.…”

Section: Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Therefore, inclusion of globally diverse populations in cancer clinical trials is imperative to develop cancer therapies that have the potential for broad reach to achieve more equitable clinical outcomes. 14 However, diversity in cancer clinical trials is lacking, with Black and rural populations vastly underrepresented. 30,31 Moreover, only 8% of Phase III randomised clinical trials in oncology between 2014 and 2017 were conducted in LMICs.…”

Section: Factors Contributing To Inequities In Cancer Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Global Cancer Care Inequities Using Implementation Science and Community-Engaged Research Approaches

Hirko¹

2022

EMJ Innov

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Advances in cancer prevention efforts, screening and early detection, and treatments have contributed to steady reductions in cancer mortality for individuals in high-income countries in recent years. Yet, these benefits have not yet been realised for many populations across the globe, particularly for those residing in low- and middle-income countries, and in other medically underserved communities. Addressing cancer disparities will require targeted efforts to equitably improve cancer care delivery across the care continuum; from detection, through treatment, and to survivorship. This feature article describes how implementation science and community-engaged approaches can address cancer inequities by improving the delivery, uptake, and effective expansion of evidence-based cancer care in real-world resource-limited settings.

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The impact of race and ethnicity in breast cancer—disparities and implications for precision oncology

Cited by 64 publications

References 87 publications

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among White British and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors in the United Kingdom

Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among White British and ethnic minority breast cancer survivors in the United Kingdom

Computer-Aided (In Silico) Modeling of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Food–Drug Interactions (FDI)

Addressing Global Cancer Care Inequities Using Implementation Science and Community-Engaged Research Approaches

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