The Impact of “Scary” TV and Film on Children's Internalizing Emotions: A Meta-Analysis

Pearce, Laura J.; Field, Andy P.

doi:10.1111/hcre.12069

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…As such, although worthwhile, the average within-person effects of social media on well-being obtained in previous studies may have been small or non-significant because they are diluted across a highly heterogeneous population (or sub-population) of adolescents 14,15 . In line with the proposition of media effects theories that each adolescent may have a unique susceptibility to the effects of social media 17 , a viable explanation for the small and inconsistent findings in earlier studies may be that the effect of social media differs from adolescent to adolescent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent

Beyens

Pouwels

Driel

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

340

323

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The question whether social media use benefits or undermines adolescents' well-being is an important societal concern. Previous empirical studies have mostly established across-the-board effects among (sub)populations of adolescents. As a result, it is still an open question whether the effects are unique for each individual adolescent. We sampled adolescents' experiences six times per day for one week to quantify differences in their susceptibility to the effects of social media on their momentary affective well-being. Rigorous analyses of 2,155 real-time assessments showed that the association between social media use and affective well-being differs strongly across adolescents: While 44% did not feel better or worse after passive social media use, 46% felt better, and 10% felt worse. Our results imply that person-specific effects can no longer be ignored in research, as well as in prevention and intervention programs. Ever since the introduction of social media, such as Facebook and Instagram, researchers have been studying whether the use of such media may affect adolescents' well-being. These studies have typically reported mixed findings, yielding either small negative, small positive, or no effects of the time spent using social media on different indicators of well-being, such as life satisfaction and depressive symptoms (for recent reviews, see for example 1-5). Most of these studies have focused on between-person associations, examining whether adolescents who use social media more (or less) often than their peers experience lower (or higher) levels of well-being than these peers. While such between-person studies are valuable in their own right, several scholars 6, 7 have recently called for studies that investigate within-person associations to understand whether an increase in an adolescent's social media use is associated with an increase or decrease in that adolescent's well-being. The current study aims to respond to this call by investigating associations between social media use and well-being within single adolescents across multiple points in time 8-10. Person-specific effects. To our knowledge, four recent studies have investigated within-person associations of social media use with different indicators of adolescent well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, depression), again with mixed results 6, 11-13. Orben and colleagues 6 found a small negative reciprocal within-person association between the time spent using social media and life satisfaction. Likewise, Boers and colleagues 12 found a small within-person association between social media use and increased depressive symptoms. Finally, Coyne and colleagues 11 and Jensen and colleagues 13 did not find any evidence for within-person associations between social media use and depression. Earlier studies that investigated within-person associations of social media use with indicators of well-being have all only reported average effect sizes. However, it is possible, or even plausible, that these average withinperson effects may have been small and...

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mentioning

confidence: 83%

The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent

Beyens

Pouwels

Driel

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

340

323

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We performed the overall effect and publication bias analyses with effect sizes aggregated within studies using the rma() function. This approach enabled the estimation of single-level random-effects models ( Viechtbauer, 2010 ; see Pearce & Field, 2016 , for a similar approach). We applied a maximum likelihood estimator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexualizing Media Use and Self-Objectification

Karsay

Knoll

Matthes

2017

Psychology of Women Quarterly

148

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Objectification theorists suggest that exposure to sexualizing media increases self-objectification among individuals. Correlational and experimental research examining this relation has received growing attention. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of sexualizing media use on self-objectification among women and men. For this purpose, we analyzed 54 papers yielding 50 independent studies and 261 effect sizes. The data revealed a positive, moderate effect of sexualizing media on self-objectification (r = .19). The effect was significant and robust, 95% CI [.15, .23], p < .0001. We identified a conditional effect of media type, suggesting that the use of video games and/or online media led to stronger self-objectification effects when compared to television use. Other sample characteristics or study characteristics did not moderate the overall effect. Thus, our findings highlight the importance of sexualizing media exposure on women’s and men’s objectified self-concept. We discuss future research directions and implications for practice. We hope that the article will stimulate researchers in their future work to address the research gaps outlined here. Moreover, we hope that the findings will encourage practitioners and parents to reflect on the role of the use of sexualizing media in the development of individuals’ self-objectification. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl10.1177/0361684317743019

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“…Song et al (2014) Facebook use Loneliness .17 20. Pearce and Field (2015) Exposure to scary television Fear/anxiety .18…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Media Effects: Theory and Research

Valkenburg

Peter

Walther

2016

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

362

286

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This review analyzes trends and commonalities among prominent theories of media effects. On the basis of exemplary meta-analyses of media effects and bibliometric studies of well-cited theories, we identify and discuss five features of media effects theories as well as their empirical support. Each of these features specifies the conditions under which media may produce effects on certain types of individuals. Our review ends with a discussion of media effects in newer media environments. This includes theories of computer-mediated communication, the development of which appears to share a similar pattern of reformulation from unidirectional, receiver-oriented views, to theories that recognize the transactional nature of communication. We conclude by outlining challenges and promising avenues for future research.

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The Impact of “Scary” TV and Film on Children's Internalizing Emotions: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 80 publications

The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent

The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent

Sexualizing Media Use and Self-Objectification

Media Effects: Theory and Research

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