The Impact of Sex and Knee Injury History on Jump-Landing Patterns in Collegiate Athletes

Lam, Kenneth C.; McLeod, Tamara C. Valovich

doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000053

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The above frontal plane factors may be less relevant to men in any case because it appears that valgus collapse is less frequently the cause of ACL injuries in males than in females. 21 , 29 , 31 , 64 Instead, sagittal plane mechanisms contribute more often to male ACL injuries, specifically in the form of greater knee extension and stiffer (ie, more extended) lower limb posture during ground contact. As with frontal plane mechanics, later age at adult height in our male sample was associated with riskier sagittal plane landing strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Moreover, the frequency of extended landings was roughly 3 times higher in male athletes with prior severe injuries compared with uninjured peers. 31 Given the above background, we sought to explore the impact of growth timing on ACL injury risk in males. To the best of our knowledge, this has not been previously studied.…”

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confidence: 95%

“… 29 This same pattern was found in a sample of male and female collegiate athletes with varying knee injury histories who performed a DVJ: male athletes were significantly more likely than female athletes to land with less than 30° of knee flexion. 31 Moreover, the frequency of extended landings was roughly 3 times higher in male athletes with prior severe injuries compared with uninjured peers. 31 …”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“… 31 Moreover, the frequency of extended landings was roughly 3 times higher in male athletes with prior severe injuries compared with uninjured peers. 31 …”

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confidence: 95%

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Relationship Between Age at Adult Height and Knee Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump in Men

Steffensmeier

Lamont

Metoyer

et al. 2020

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are relatively common among younger athletes, with significant physical, psychological, and financial consequences. Research has largely focused on female athletes by identifying specific risk factors for an ACL injury, including variation in pubertal growth timing. There is less known about risk factors in males, and little is known about the effects of pubertal development on ACL injury risk in men. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between an indicator of pubertal growth timing (age at adult height) and biomechanical risk for ACL injuries in men. We hypothesized that earlier age at adult height is correlated with riskier landing biomechanics during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) in men. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 21 recreationally active male students (age range, 20-33 years) were included. Participants completed a questionnaire on age at adult height and limb dominance, and anthropometric measurements were taken. There were 6 DVJ tests performed, with participants landing on a force plate while digital cameras recorded kinematic data from retroreflective markers placed according to the Helen Hayes marker system. Primary outcomes were sagittal and frontal plane knee kinematics and kinetics during contact. Data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation. Results: In both limbs, age at achieving adult height was significantly negatively correlated with knee flexion/extension angle at toe-off (dominant: r = –0.79, P < .01; nondominant: r = –0.74, P < .01) and with peak flexion (dominant: r = –0.63, P < .01; nondominant: r = –0.70, P < .01) and extension (dominant: r = –0.66, P < .01; nondominant: r = –0.56, P = .01) angles during contact. In the nondominant limb, age at adult height was significantly negatively correlated with varus/valgus angle at initial contact ( r = –0.43; P = .05) and toe-off ( r = –0.44; P = .04) and was positively correlated with peak varus moment during contact ( r = 0.42; P = .06). Age at adult height was also positively correlated with peak vertical ground-reaction force ( r = 0.58; P < .01). Conclusion: Later age at adult height was correlated with riskier landing profiles in this study. This suggests that males with later or longer pubertal growth may have increased mechanical risk for ACL injuries. A better understanding of the effects of pubertal growth on landing biomechanics can improve the early identification of male athletes at greater risk for injuries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“… 31 Moreover, the frequency of extended landings was roughly 3 times higher in male athletes with prior severe injuries compared with uninjured peers. 31 …”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationship Between Age at Adult Height and Knee Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump in Men

Steffensmeier

Lamont

Metoyer

et al. 2020

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

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“…The injury-history questionnaire was described in a previous study. 22 Our questionnaire did not instruct participants to identify whether they had multiple injuries to the lower extremity or to classify their injuries as a single injurious event or a recurrent injury.…”

Section: Injury-history Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

Previous Knee Injury and Health-Related Quality of Life in Collegiate Athletes

Lam

Thomas

Valier

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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Despite returning to full participation, collegiate athletes who previously sustained severe knee injuries tended to report worse knee-specific function and less ability to complete activities due to physical health. In addition, individuals with a history of severe knee injury tended to report more emotional concerns than athletes with a history of mild or no knee injury. Region-specific PROMs may be more sensitive in detecting deficits than generic PROMs after return to full participation. Researchers should investigate the role of PROMs, particularly region-specific PROMs, as potential screening tools for clinical care.

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Effects of pubertal growth variation on knee mechanics during walking in female and male adolescents

Froehle

Edwards

Peterson

et al. 2022

American J Hum Biol

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Introduction Puberty substantially alters the body's mechanical properties, neuromuscular control, and sex differences therein, likely contributing to increased, sex‐biased knee injury risk during adolescence. Female adolescents have higher risk for knee injuries than male adolescents of similar age engaging in similar physical activities, and much research has investigated sex differences in mechanical risk factors. However, few studies address the considerable variation in pubertal growth (timing, pace), knee mechanics, and injury susceptibility within sexes, or the impact of such growth variation on mechanical injury risk. Objectives The present study tested for effects of variation in pubertal growth on established mechanical knee injury risk factors, examining relationships between and within sexes. Methods Pubertal growth indices describing variation in the timing and rate of pubertal growth were developed using principal component analysis and auxological data from serial stature measurements. Linear mixed models were applied to evaluate relationships between these indices and knee mechanics during walking in a sample of adolescents. Results Later developing female adolescents with slower pubertal growth had higher extension moments throughout stance, whereas earlier developers had higher valgus knee angles and moments. In male adolescents, faster and later growth were related to higher extension moments throughout gait. In both sexes, faster growers had higher internal rotation moments at foot‐strike. Conclusions Pubertal growth variation has important effects on mechanical knee injury risk in adolescence, affecting females and males differently. Earlier developing females exhibit greater injury risk via frontal plane factors, whereas later/faster developing males have elevated risk via sagittal plane mechanisms.

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The Impact of Sex and Knee Injury History on Jump-Landing Patterns in Collegiate Athletes

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Relationship Between Age at Adult Height and Knee Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump in Men

Relationship Between Age at Adult Height and Knee Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump in Men

Previous Knee Injury and Health-Related Quality of Life in Collegiate Athletes

Effects of pubertal growth variation on knee mechanics during walking in female and male adolescents

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