The impact of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the in-vessel composting of municipal solid waste

The impact of nanoparticles on aerobic degradation of municipal solid waste

“…These results are comparable to the very limited studies reported in the literature. Stamou and Antizar-Ladislao (2016) reported that Ag and Ag-TiO 2 presence did not significantly affect the compost process in their in-vessel composting study, during 21 days of composting with different amounts of Ag and Ti (ranging between 5 and 50 mg kg −1 for Ag and 225-2250 mg kg −1 for Ti nanoparticles). Similarly, Gitipour et al (2013) reported that the presence of Ag nanoparticles will not affect the biological degradation of organically rich waste streams, in their lab scale study during 60 days with 2 mg kg −1 Ag nanoparticles.…”

“…As a result of the increased production of consumer products containing Ag and TiO 2 nanoparticles, the concentrations of these materials are expected to increase in waste streams in the near future (Stamou and Antizar-Ladislao, 2016). The useful lifespan of the nanoparticles or nanoparticle-containing products will last in landfills, wastewater treatment plants, or waste incineration plants (Gottschalk et al, 2009;Keller and Lazareva, 2013;Sun et al, 2014;Wigger et al, 2015).…”

“…In another study, the expected concentrations of Ag and TiO 2 nanoparticles in solid waste in the EU are predicted to be 0.05-0.08 mg kg −1 and 8.30-20.00 mg kg −1 , respectively (Sun et al, 2014). Also, the annual increases of concentrations in natural and urban soils are predicted to be 0.91-1.80 ng kg −1 and 0.09-0.24 µg kg −1 for Ag and TiO 2 nanoparticles, respectively (Stamou and Antizar-Ladislao, 2016). Although the amount of nanoparticles in solid waste streams is growing very rapidly, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect and behavior of these pollutants in waste processing and disposal techniques such as biological treatment, landfilling, and incineration.…”