“…Both teachers and students may understand grades as categorizing not only writing but also, even unintentionally, the writers themselves (Bloom, 1997). Even while students may crave grades to understand how they relate to others in class and how they fare in educational settings (Inman & Powell, 2018), and even while grades seem to offer predictor variables of writing and college success (Brunk-Chavez & Fredericksen, 2008; Garrett et al, 2017; Nicholes & Reimer, 2020a, 2020b), antiracist scholarship, notably those of Asao Inoue (2014), has underscored that writing assessment systems tend to unevenly affect “students who historically are closest to failure in writing classrooms—that is, students of color, multilingual students, and working-class students” (p. 332). Grades, then, have to be further understood to further push forward the vital talks we are having about linguistic justice on campus for all our students.…”