“…The above literature, however, does not provide adequate conceptual frameworks to explain the interaction of talent management practices, employee satisfaction, and organizational performance, particularly in learning organizations (Dwipayana et al, 2023;Golik and Blanco, 2022;Kim and Park, 2020;Masale et al, 2021;Siripipatthanakul et al, 2022). Moreover, previous learning organization investigations mainly focus on a specific geographical or business context (Almomani et al, 2022;Chan et al, 2020;Ghani et al, 2022;Skerh akov a et al, 2022). However, prior studies do not investigate the connection of talent management practices with employee satisfaction and organizational performance in learning organizations (and, in educational institutions, among university employees) due to a new debate on the effectiveness of existing approaches.…”