The impact of user decision-making in the application of computational compartment fire models

Baker, Greg; Spearpoint, Michael; Frank, Kevin; Wade, Colleen; Sazegara, Shahriar

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.03.068

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Blind modelling studies, such as the work by Rein et al 13 on the Dalmarnock Fire Tests, have highlighted the difficulty in predicting dynamics when there are increasing degrees of freedom. More recently, Baker et al 14 have presented a blind modelling study of furniture fires in an ISO 9705:1993 15 room using B-RISK, concluding that the results provided an illustration of the subjectivity that can occur in everyday performance-based fire safety engineering. 14 In this article, the impact of modelling decisions in the context of analyses with fewer degrees of freedom have been considered, where the experiments have provided an opportunity to simulate a ‘simple’ enclosure and compare to past simulations, with data available for inputs including HRR, geometry, sprinkler characteristics and construction materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using experimental sprinkler actuation times to assess the performance of Fire Dynamics Simulator

Hopkin¹,

Spearpoint²,

Bittern

2018

Journal of Fire Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article considers the predictive capabilities of Fire Dynamics Simulator for sprinkler actuation time when benchmarked against data from a series of 22 enclosure experiments. Sensitivity analyses have been undertaken for grid size, conductivity factor, radiative fraction and enclosure leakage areas. 'Goodness of fit' calculations indicate that Fire Dynamics Simulator is able to provide an average prediction of sprinkler actuation time within a Euclidean relative difference of 0.18. Comparisons to results determined in previous studies, using different modelling methods and Fire Dynamics Simulator versions, have also been made. The sensitivity analyses and comparisons indicate the importance of the decisions made by the modeller in representing fire scenarios, even when modelling 'simple' experiments where data for inputs such as the heat release rate, geometry and sprinkler characteristics are available. The comparisons therefore indicate that with the reduced degrees of freedom compared to other modelling studies, there is still potential for a range of assumptions and simulation results.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using experimental sprinkler actuation times to assess the performance of Fire Dynamics Simulator

Hopkin¹,

Spearpoint²,

Bittern

2018

Journal of Fire Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Akin to the FDS tool in Europe, New Zealand has its own tool titled B-RISK (Branz, 2019). According to its official website, it was created to “ allow fire simulation results to be presented in a probabilistic form and allows the variability and uncertainty associated with the predictions of the fire environment to be quantified ” (Wade et al ., 2016). In preparation for its development, Baker et al .…”

Section: Notable Success Stories and Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A primer and success stories on performance-based fire design of structures

Craig

Naser

2023

JSFE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThe extreme nature of fire makes structural fire engineering unique in that the load actions dictating design are intense and neither geographically nor seasonally bound. Simply, fire can break out anywhere, at any time and for any number of reasons. Despite the apparent need, the fire design of structures still relies on expensive fire tests, complex finite element simulations and outdated procedures with little room for innovation. This paper aims to discuss the aforementioned issues.Design/methodology/approachThis primer highlights the latest state of the art in this area with regard to performance-based design in fire structural engineering. In addition, this short review also presents a series of examples of successful implementation of performance-based fire design of structures from around the world.FindingsA comparison between global efforts clearly shows the advances put forth by European and Oceanian efforts as opposed to the rest of the world. In addition, it can be clearly seen that most performance-based fire designs are related to steel and composite structures.Originality/valueIn one study, this paper presents a concise and global view to performance-based fire design of structures from success stories from around the world.

show abstract

“…The spread rate and mass loss rate of the compartment fire in real-scale with the entire duration of the fire are estimated by expanding the methodology to the use of CFD type fire models [3]. Only when the HRR is well characterized as an input parameter in CFD type fire models, a good agreement with measurements can be obtained [4,5]. Whileas CFD fire simulations typically take large periods of time to complete, and their results would not be available in time to be of use during an emergency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consensus provided by these works [2,4,5,15] is that the fire evolution can be evaluated from a certain amount of information as temperature, pressure, speed, chemical composition contained and conveyed in smokes. While as, the detailed diagnostics including these measurements create an insurmountable difficulty during a compartment fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting Flashover in a Compartment Fire by Using a Real-time Moving Average from Temperature Recordings

Bouaoud¹,

Lebey²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

J. Civ. Eng. Constr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A series of flashover fire tests were carried out using standard wood as fuel with various ventilation, and a comprehensive set of experimental data is presented. Fighting against compartment fires with occurance of flashover could cause fatal consequences on firefighters. This work shows that the potential dangers as flashover can be detected as soon as possible thanks to the comparison between two moving averages in the past calculated from a temperature recording in a very short time. The present study aims to evaluate the possibility of using only commonly available measurements as data to be assimilated into the model. A real-time decision method is developed, allowing to the selection of optimal intervention to minimize firefight occupant exposure to the detected hazard. This approach includes the mathematical analysis which is based on the comparison of two moving averages centered in the past, calculated on the recordings of the smoke temperature. Firefighters would greatly benefit from this predictive method in real time, able to assist their decision making process during operations against a compartment fire. From the safety point of view, the model gives conservative predictions for flashover fire.

show abstract

The impact of user decision-making in the application of computational compartment fire models

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Using experimental sprinkler actuation times to assess the performance of Fire Dynamics Simulator

Using experimental sprinkler actuation times to assess the performance of Fire Dynamics Simulator

A primer and success stories on performance-based fire design of structures

Forecasting Flashover in a Compartment Fire by Using a Real-time Moving Average from Temperature Recordings

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About