The Impacts of Lockdown Policies on International Trade in the Philippines

Arenas, Guillermo Carlos; Majune, Socrates Kraido; Montfaucon, Angella Faith

doi:10.1596/1813-9450-9911

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…find that the introduction of lockdown measures by Kenya's trading partners had a negative effect on imports, which fell by 23% on average after the measures were put in place. Looking the the Philippines,Arenas et al (2022) find that the drop in imports has been even larger (-57% compared to pre-pandemic levels).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

International Trade Spillovers from Domestic COVID-19 Lockdowns

Aiyar¹,

Mohommad²,

Presbitero³

et al. 2022

IMF Working Papers

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mentioning

confidence: 92%

International Trade Spillovers from Domestic COVID-19 Lockdowns

Aiyar¹,

Mohommad²,

Presbitero³

et al. 2022

IMF Working Papers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International trade remains a big potential that can be taken advantage of in this time of crisis, when the domestic market is down due to imposed restrictions and safety protocols. According to Arenas et al (2022), the international trade was not significantly affected during the pandemic based on data from January 2019 to December 2020; more specifically, exporting intermediate goods were considered resilient during that period even when lockdowns imposed reduced business activities and relationships. The agri-food sector more specifically is stable even during the pandemic (Weersink et al, 2021); hence, this is an opportunity for agricultural-dependent countries to invest in agri-food commodities that have a comparative advantage in the international market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How environmental hostility, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are manifested to influence above-average export performance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Isip

Baconguis

Depositario

et al. 2023

CRR

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PurposeThis study analyses how latent variables: environmental hostility, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are demonstrated in practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coming from mixed-method research, which is an explanatory sequential research design; this paper aims to provide only the qualitative, practical manifestations and validations of the variables previously tested and analysed quantitatively.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach was used whereby open-ended, semi-structured series of interviews was conducted to extract narratives from two owner–managers of medium-scale manufacturer-exporter agro-processing firms in the Philippines. Thematic analysis using deductive reasoning was used to analyse the collected narratives.FindingsThe analysis showed qualitative evidence of a possible intervention of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities between the effects of the hostile environment brought about by the pandemic on the firms’ export performance. In addition, organisational resilience was observed to possibly moderate the relationship between the firm’s entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities. Resilience takes time (years) to develop; with an entrepreneurial behaviour, a continuous enhancement and acquisition of resources, capabilities, knowledge reflects a robust and adaptive organisation during adversity.Social implicationsThe role of education and research institutions was highlighted in the development of dynamic capabilities of firms. The entrepreneurial resilience, however, reflects the individual characteristic of the owner–managers that manifests in the firm’s overall posture toward the overall goal of protecting the industry from its downfall.Originality/valueQualitative evidences composed of direct experiences from key informants served valuable and contextual (Philippine agro-processing industry) validations to the theoretical relationships of variables being analysed.

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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on exports: new evidence from selected European Union countries and Turkey

Cengiz

Manga

2022

Asia-Pac J Reg Sci

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The COVID-19 pandemic, a new type of coronavirus that the world faced, broke out at the end of 2019 causing numerous impacts on all countries. Particularly the European Union (EU) countries were notably affected by COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns and stringency policies. Furthermore, although Turkey was successful in combating many areas of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the EU countries, its international trade was affected. This paper empirically investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on selected EU countries (Bulgaria, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Czechia) and Turkey’s exports with monthly panel data analyses over the March 2020–December 2021 period. The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative impacts on exports in the EU and Turkey. For example, a 1% increase in COVID-19 stringency reduced exports by 0.102%, and a 1% increase in total COVID-19 cases caused a decline in exports of 1.620%. Furthermore, the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test results show a two-way causality relationship between COVID-19 cases and export levels. In addition, unidirectional causality linkage exists from the COVID-19 stringency index. Therefore, causality test results confirm an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exports during the stringency measures and lockdowns.

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The Impacts of Lockdown Policies on International Trade in the Philippines

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

International Trade Spillovers from Domestic COVID-19 Lockdowns

International Trade Spillovers from Domestic COVID-19 Lockdowns

How environmental hostility, entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capabilities are manifested to influence above-average export performance during the COVID-19 pandemic

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on exports: new evidence from selected European Union countries and Turkey

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