The importance of being networked: The costs of informal networking in the Western Balkans region

Efendić, Adnan; Ledeneva, Alena

doi:10.1016/j.ecosys.2020.100784

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…All these informal practices underpin participation in undeclared work (Gordy and Efendic, 2019), which is indeed identified to be high and associated with substantial direct and indirect costs for the participants (A. Efendic and Ledeneva 2020). The size of the undeclared economy is estimated at 30% of GDP (Pasovic and Efendic 2018), while over 20% of the labour force is found to participate in the undeclared economy (Williams and Efendic 2020).…”

Section: Spatial Marginalization Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work: lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Williams

Efendić

2021

Southeast European and Black Sea Studies

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This paper tests competing hypotheses on the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work. The 'marginalization' thesis views undeclared work as conducted primarily by marginalized populations among which young, unemployed and economically fragile people dominate. A competing 'reinforcement' thesis argues that undeclared work is conducted disproportionately by those in declared jobs and thus that the undeclared economy reinforces, rather than reduces, the inequalities produced by the declared economy. To evaluate who engages in undeclared work and to test these competing theses, data is reported from a 2015 survey of 6,021 randomly selected adult respondents in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Reporting the marginal effects of a Probit regression analysis, the finding is that marginalized groups (the unemployed, younger age groups, those with fewer years in formal education, lower-income households, rural populations and those from poorer regions) are all significantly more likely to participate in undeclared work. The implications for theory and policy are discussed, along with the limitations of the study and future research required.

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Section: Spatial Marginalization Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work: lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Williams

Efendić

2021

Southeast European and Black Sea Studies

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“…Structural social capital (networks and patterns of connections) in our empirical strategy are used as a social capital dimension (Grootaert et al 2004) that affects pro-social behaviour of individuals. Simply said, memberships in groups and networks in the context of size and structure are tools that are used to obtain knowledge and information, provide access to different types of resources and facilitate actions (Efendic -Ledeneva 2020); they are intermediaries that individuals use in a series of regular or emergency situations. If we accept this argument, there is a reasoning to include membership in groups and networks as explanatory variables of pro-social behaviour.…”

Section: Empirical Approach Data and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina: Social capital and pro-social behaviour

Efendić

2020

Acta Oeconomica

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This paper investigates how social capital contributes to the pro-social behaviour of individuals in a post-conflict environment. I simultaneously investigate the pro-social behaviours in the periods of crisis (floods) and normality and observe whether (structural and relational) social capital has important influences in these two different times. The main novelty of this approach is that I model individuals' pro-social behaviours jointly for both the periods in focus and treat them as systematic outcomes of observed and unobserved (endogenous) influences. I find that more pro-social activities in the normal times are positively associated with such activities in the crisis period. Additionally, the results reveal the importance of (structural) social capital on pro-social behaviour – namely, group membership, size and ethnic structure of individual networks matter. Of particular interest for this post-conflict society and related literature is that greater ethnic diversity of individual networks is supportive for pro-social engagement of citizens. Finally, among the observed economic influences, I find that the respondents working in the informal economy report more pro-social activities while formal employment works more as financial intermediary for these engagements.

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“…El valor y la relevancia del presente estudio se enfoca en la importancia que tienen las estructuras sociales emergentes para el sector empresarial (Efendic & Ledeneva, 2020) en la época del COVID-19. Es menester que las MiPyMES conozcan, desarrollen y potencialicen nuevas estrategias de gestión internas de la organización, en las que, se alinean actitudes y comportamientos (Terglav, Ruzzier, & Kaše, 2016) enmarcados por la cultura y el clima organizacional (Efendic & Ledeneva, 2020;Goebel & Weißenberger, 2017) así como el liderazgo (Marion, Christiansen, Klar, Schreiber, & Akif, 2016;Younger & Fisher, 2020) que ejercen en las estructuras sociales emergentes en las MiPyMES, con la finalidad alcanzar el éxito de la organización en la era COVID-19 (Bauer, Bloch, & Merkert, 2020) a través de su rendimiento empresarial (Ding & Rigby, 2011;Goebel & Weißenberger, 2017) enmarcado por la productividad, rendimiento financiero y no financiero (López-Lemus & De la Garza, 2019; Noordin R. , Zainuddin, Faud, & Mail, 2015) El objetivo principal de la presente investigación radica en conocer y analizar la influencia que ejerce las estructuras sociales emergentes basadas en el liderazgo, clima y cultura organizacional sobre el rendimiento empresarial. En base…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Las estructuras sociales emergentes: Un complemento de la estructura formal que influye en el rendimiento empresarial en la era COVID-19

López-Lemus

2021

DyO

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El objetivo principal radica conocer la influencia que ejerce las estructuras sociales emergentes sobre el rendimiento empresarial en las MiPyMES en la era del COVID-19. Se empleó una muestra de 331 participantes pertenecientes estructuras sociales emergentes de las MiPyMES. Los resultados muestran que la estructura social emergente influye positiva y significativamente sobre el rendimiento en la producción y en el rendimiento no financiero. Asimismo, El rendimiento en la producción, influye positiva y significativamente sobre el rendimiento financiero. Finalmente, el rendimiento no financiero influye positiva y significativamente sobre el rendimiento financiero de las MiPyMES en México en la era del COVID-19.

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The importance of being networked: The costs of informal networking in the Western Balkans region

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluating the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work: lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Evaluating the relationship between marginalization and participation in undeclared work: lessons from Bosnia and Herzegovina

The post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina: Social capital and pro-social behaviour

Las estructuras sociales emergentes: Un complemento de la estructura formal que influye en el rendimiento empresarial en la era COVID-19

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