The importance of contaminated food for the uptake of heavy metals by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): a field study

Dallinger, Reinhard; Kautzky, Hannes

doi:10.1007/bf00378455

Cited by 176 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Field studies in contaminated sites have also found fish tissue concentrations of Zn and Cd to be correlated to aqueous concentrations (Miller et al 1992). However, Zn and Cd differ metabolically: Zn is an essential metal and its uptake has been shown to be regulated, whereas Cd is a nonessential metal for which there is little evidence of regulation of accumulation (Dallinger and Kautzky 1985;Memmert 1987).…”

Section: Predictors Of Metal Concentrations In Zooplankton-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of heavy metals in food web components across a gradient of lakes

Chen

Stemberger

Klaue

et al. 2000

Limnology & Oceanography

283

187

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Recent studies have emphasized the need for understanding the accumulation and fate of metal contaminants at different trophic levels and across a broad spectrum of lake types. To address both issues, metal concentrations (Hg, Zn, Cd, As, and Pb) were measured in the water, two size fractions of zooplankton, and fish from 20 lakes in contaminated to pristine watersheds in the northeastern United States. Our goals were to examine links between watershed characteristics and aqueous metal levels in lakes and relationships between aqueous concentrations, metal burdens in different plankton groups and in fish. Two pairs of metals, (1) Hg and Zn and (2) As and Pb, exhibited strong similarities both in the factors that predict their concentrations in water and in the patterns of accumulation in particular trophic levels. Aqueous concentrations of Hg and Zn were highest in cool water lakes, whereas As and Pb were highest in more eutrophic lakes in agricultural areas. Aqueous Cd concentrations were closely correlated with the land-use variables, percentage of agricultural land, and road densities. Similarly, Hg and Zn both biomagnified from small plankton (45-202 m) to macrozooplankton (Ͼ202 m) and from macrozooplankton to fish. In contrast, bioaccumulation of both As and Pb diminished with increasing trophic level. Although aqueous metal and zooplankton metal levels were not significant predictors of As and Pb levels in fish, metal levels in zooplankton were predictive of Hg and Zn in fish, suggesting that sources of bioaccumulation differ for different metals. Our findings demonstrate the importance of investigating upper and lower trophic levels separately, to fully understand metal transfer pathways in aquatic food webs.Metals transferred through aquatic food webs to fish, humans, and other piscivorous animals are of environmental and human health concern. High levels of Hg in fish from apparently pristine lakes have resulted in the adoption of conservative fish consumption advisories in many states (Håkanson et al. 1988;DiFranco et al. 1995;USEPA 1997;Yeardley et al. 1998). However, pathways of metal movement from land to water and then through aquatic food webs are not well understood. This makes it difficult to extrapolate findings from single systems to other lakes or to account for the significant variation in metal levels found in the fish from different lakes within the same geographic regions. Our broad goal is to elucidate factors across a variety of lake types that determine metal levels in water, in fish, and in the zooplankton, which are the primary dietary conduit of metal from water to pelagic feeding fish.Although knowledge of metal movement in freshwater systems has grown significantly in recent years, there are still large gaps in our understanding. For example, most past studies of metals focus on a few taxa, single metals, or transfer mechanisms in a small portion of the food web (Prahalad

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Section: Predictors Of Metal Concentrations In Zooplankton-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of heavy metals in food web components across a gradient of lakes

Chen

Stemberger

Klaue

et al. 2000

Limnology & Oceanography

283

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…from food has been reported to be higher than direct accumulation from water (Pentreath 1973a(Pentreath ,b, 1976Willis and Sunda 1984;Dallinger and Kautzky 1985). Despite such evidence, the trophic transfer of essential and toxic elements in aquatic organisms has received little attention from regulatory agencies that rely on models concerned exclusively with accumulation from the dissolved phase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Retention of elements absorbed by juvenile fish (Menidia menidia, Menidia beryllina) from zooplankton prey

Reinfelder

Fisher

1994

Limnology & Oceanography

111

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Radiolabeled copepods (Acartia spp.) were fed to juvenile silversides (Menidia menidia and Menidia beryllina) to study element absorption in the fish. Copepods were reared from nauplii in the presence of different radiotracers (i*C, lo9Cd, 57Co, 32P, 35S, '?Se, or "'Zn) and were analyzed for relative concentrations of these elements in their tissue fractions. Copepod exoskeletons contained nearly all of the trace metals (>97%), 60% of the Se, and less than half of the C, P, and S accumulated by the copepods. Within the nonexoskeleton tissues of the copepods, nonpolar (CHCl, extractable) material contained 34 and 24% of the total C and P, but only 8 and 2% of the total S and Se Absorption efficiencies of trace metals in juvenile silversides (2.7% for Cd, 2.1% for Co, 6.2% for Zn) were an order of magnitude lower than those for nonmetals (29% for Se, 50% for S and C, 60% for P). The absorption efficiencies in the juvenile silversides of all seven elements studied were directly related to the percent of each element in the nonexoskeleton fraction of the copepod prey, indicating that the fish absorbed the soft tissues of the copepods and egested the chitinous exoskeleton and its associated elements.Although trace metal concentrations and concentration factors generally decrease from algae to fish in aquatic food webs, the accumulation of harmful levels of trace metals through the ingestion of contaminated food is still a threat to aquatic carnivores and the animals that consume them (Rainbow 1989). In carnivorous fish, trace metal accumulation ' Present address:

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“…It is generally believed that the uptake of adsorbed trace elements is significantly less dangerous than the absorption of dissolved forms [31]. However, the relative importance of the different routes of exposure remains unclear and at high concentrations the bioavailability of even a small fraction of adsorbed trace elements from diet could be important, which would support the hypothesis that diet is a significant route of exposure [32,33]. At the level of human populations, the risk of mortality from cancer is estimated to be increased in people exposed to certain trace elements through diet, even at seemingly low concentrations [34].…”

Section: Risk Evaluation At Multiple Levels Of Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensions of Environmental Engineering

Dresp-Langley¹

2008

TOENVIEJ

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Abstract:The impact of human activity on the biosphere has produced a global society context in which scarcity of natural resources and risks to ecological health such as air pollution and water contamination call for new solutions that help sustain the development of human society and all life on earth. This review article begins by recalling the historical and philosophical context from which contemporary environmental engineering has arisen as a science and domain of technological development. Examples that deal with some of the core issues and challenges currently faced by the field, such as problems of scale and complexity, are then discussed. It is emphasized that the sustainability of the built environment depends on innovative architecture and building designs for optimal use and recycling of resources. To evaluate problems related to global climate change, storms, floods, earthquakes, landslides and other environmental risks, the behaviour of the natural environment needs to be taken into account. Understanding the complex interactions between the built environment and the natural environment is essential in promoting the economic use of energy and waste reduction. Finally, the key role of environmental engineering within models of sustainable economic development is brought forward.

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The importance of contaminated food for the uptake of heavy metals by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri): a field study

Cited by 176 publications

References 25 publications

Accumulation of heavy metals in food web components across a gradient of lakes

Accumulation of heavy metals in food web components across a gradient of lakes

Retention of elements absorbed by juvenile fish (Menidia menidia, Menidia beryllina) from zooplankton prey

Dimensions of Environmental Engineering

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