The importance of crop rotation and some inducing factors in indicators of infection of wheat Galls nematode Anguina tritici

Abstract

The field experiment was carried out in the fields of a farmer in Kirkuk governorate / Hawija district N 43º36´17.73"E"05.56´ 35º16, and the study included the planting of the crop rotation crops (mung beans, sunflower and sesame and without planting) in the summer For the year 2020, and in the winter season, the wheat crop, Sham 6 variety, was planted in the experimental units planted with the crops of the agricultural rotation, as well as fallow land that was not planted with any previous crop. The wheat crop was treated with inducting factors (atonic, salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide and organic copper) by two sprays, the first at the branching stage and the second at the end of the elongation stage, for each of the inducting factors, the randomized complete block design was used in the arrangement of the split plot RCBD in split plot), the results of the experiment showed a significant superiority of the induction treatment with organic copper in reducing the infection indicators of wheat plants, as it recorded the percentage of infestation of spikes, the percentage of infected grains and the average weight The gall had the lowest average of 10.92 %, 3.42 %, and 3.91 mg, respectively, and the sunflower treatment showed a significant difference for the characteristics of the percentage of spikes infestation, the percentage of infected grains, and the average weight of the gall. Were 10.39, 4.30%, and 3.83 mg, respectively As for the interaction treatments between inducing factors and the crop rotation, the treatment of (Sunflower + Organic Copper) was superior when it recorded averages of 5.71%, 0.47% and 2.33 mg, respectively.

Heterosis, Correlations and Path Analysis of Grain Yield Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…The analysis of variance table (1) shows that the parental genotypes differed significantly at the level of probability (1%) for all studied traits except for the number active tillers plant -1 , which differed significantly from the level of probability (5%), while the first-generation crosses (Table 2) differed significant in all the studied traits at the level of probability (1%) except for the characteristic of the number of spikelet's, spike -1 , which differed significantly at the level of probability (5%). This result agreed with [12], [13].…”

Combining Ability and Gene Action of Half Diallel Crosses in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…It is noted from the tables of the analysis of variance (1) that the parental genotypes differed significantly at the level of probability (1%) in all the studied traits except for the number of active tillers plant -1 differed significantly from the level of probability (5%), and from the table of the analysis of variance (2) It was found that the first-generation hybrids were significant in all the studied traits at the level of probability (1%) except for the number of spikelet's spike -1 differed significantly from the level of probability (5%), This is evidence of the genetically different parental genotypes, as well as the difference in crosses resulting from half-diallel crosses. This result agreed with [12,13].…”