The Importance of Policy Change for Addressing Public Health Problems

Porter, Keshia M. Pollack; Rutkow, Lainie; McGinty, Emma E.

doi:10.1177/0033354918788880

Cited by 89 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The framework is based on the premise that while high-level political commitment is imperative, to be converted into impact it has to be translated through appropriate institutional setups, adequately funded programmes, meaningful stakeholder engagement 10 and collaboration across multiple sectors to create impact on health and health-related targets. Monitoring the effectiveness of these processes as well as their impact is also a key consideration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The framework also takes into account defining values for public health policies such as equity. 10 Health-related SDGs and selected targets in the framework are based on WHO’s 2018 Global Reference List of 100 Core HHSDG Indicators. 11 This includes SDG3 and its targets in full whereas selected targets and indicators from 12 other SDGs are included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implementation of health and health-related sustainable development goals: progress, challenges and opportunities – a systematic literature review

et al. 2020

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IntroductionWhile health is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), many other ‘health-related’ goals comprise determinants of health. Integrated implementation across SDGs is needed for the achievement of Agenda 2030. While existing literature is rich in normative recommendations about potentially useful approaches, evidence of implementation strategies being adopted by countries is limited.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review with qualitative synthesis of findings using peer reviewed and grey literature from key databases. We included publications examining implementation of health and health-related SDGs (HHSDGs) at national or subnational level published between June 2013 and July 2019.ResultsOf the 32 included publications, 24 provided information at the national level while eight provided information for multiple countries or regions. Our findings indicate that high-level political commitment is evident in most countries and HHSDGs are being aligned with existing national development strategies and plans. A multisectoral, integrated approach is being adopted in institutional setups but evidence on effectiveness of these approaches is limited. Funding constraints are a major challenge for many countries. HHSDGs are generally being financed from within existing funded plans and, in some instances, through SDG-specific budgeting and tracking; additional funding is being mobilised by increasing domestic taxation and subsidisation, and by collaborating with development partners and private sector. Equity is being promoted by improving health service access through universal health coverage and social insurance schemes, especially for disadvantaged populations. Governments are collaborating with development partners and UN agencies for support in planning, institutional development and capacity building. However, evidence on equity promotion, capacity building initiatives and implementation approaches at subnational level is limited. Lack of coordination among various levels of government emerges as a key challenge.Conclusionstrengthening implementation of multisectoral work, capacity building, financial sustainability and data availability are key considerations to accelerate implementation of HHSDGs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of health and health-related sustainable development goals: progress, challenges and opportunities – a systematic literature review

et al. 2020

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“…It is imperative given the structure of the framework that, despite the importance of high-level political commitment, meaningful implementation can only be ensured through appropriate institutional set-ups, adequately funded programmes, meaningful stakeholder engagement, aligning the contributions of various stakeholders and working across multiple sectors to achieve equitable impact on health. 10 Table 1 summarises the information presented along the thematic domains of the analytical framework.…”

Section: Implementation Of Health and Health-related Sustainable Devementioning

confidence: 99%

Global strategies and local implementation of health and health-related SDGs: lessons from consultation in countries across five regions

et al. 2020

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Evidence on early achievements, challenges and opportunities would help low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) accelerate implementation of health and health-related sustainable development goals (HHSDGs). A series of country-specific and multicountry consultative meetings were conducted during 2018–2019 that involved 15 countries across five regions to determine the status of implementation of HHSDGs. Almost 120 representatives from health and non-health sectors participated. The assessment relied on a multidomain analytical framework drawing on existing public health policy frameworks. During the first 5 years of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) era, participating LMICs from South and Central Asia, East Africa and Latin America demonstrated growing political commitment to HHSDGs, with augmentation of multisectoral institutional arrangements, strengthening of monitoring systems and engagement of development partners. On the other hand, there has been limited involvement of civic society representatives and academia, relatively few capacity development initiatives were in place, a well-crafted communication strategy was missing, and there is limited evidence of additional domestic financing for implementing HHSDGs. While the momentum towards universal health coverage is notable, explicit linkages with non-health SDGs and integrated multisectoral implementation strategies are lacking. The study offers messages to LMICs that would allow for a full decade of accelerated implementation of HHSDGs, and points to the need for more implementation research in each domain and for testing interventions that are likely to work before scale-up.

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“…Corruption has been one of the major identities of the third world countries, even though the problem is everywhere: just that the practice is more pronounce in the third world countries. Rose-ackerman [6] stated that Corruption is a symptom that something has gone wrong in the management of the state. Institutions designed to govern the interrelationships between the citizen and the state are used instead for personal enrichment and the provision of benefits to the corrupt.…”

Section: Ineffective and Corrupt Political Leadershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons Why Policies Change in Nigeria

Isah¹

2020

JPPA

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This paper aimed at exploring reasons to why policies change in Nigeria. It defined policy as action taken toward problem solving by government or an organization. It also defined policy change as the replacement of one or more existing policies with another. The paper adopted advocacy coalition framework as theoretical frame work and explained policy change. The theory explained that policy change occurs through interactions between wide external changes or shocks to the political system and the success of the ideas in the coalitions, which may cause actors in the advocacy coalition to shift coalitions. More so, the paper discussed six reasons to why policies change in Nigeria, these reasons are: failure of the existing policy to accomplish it set objective, political instability, ineffective and corrupt political leadership, policy diffusion, change in structure and socioeconomic factors. And finally the paper recommended that for a policy to fully achieve its set goal and objective, there should be continuity of policy implementation irrespective of the person or political party in office, proper assessment and implementation of policy will also reduce the risk of policy failure and also policy makers should have the people at heart and not use the predicament of the people for personal gain.

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The Importance of Policy Change for Addressing Public Health Problems

Abstract: Effective policy change is more likely to improve health when key principles are considered. We outline 4 principles

Cited by 89 publications

References 36 publications

Implementation of health and health-related sustainable development goals: progress, challenges and opportunities – a systematic literature review

Implementation of health and health-related sustainable development goals: progress, challenges and opportunities – a systematic literature review

Global strategies and local implementation of health and health-related SDGs: lessons from consultation in countries across five regions

Reasons Why Policies Change in Nigeria

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