The Importance of Purposes in "Purposive" Groups: Incentives and Participation in the Sanctuary Movement

Hildreth, Anne

doi:10.2307/2111412

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The combined return rate was 46 percent before accounting for undeliverable mail. This compares favorably with other studies of political activists (Hildreth 1994;Guth and Green 1990) and other studies utilizing closed end moral judgment tests (Nassi et al 1983;Sapp 1986). The demographic data are similar to Granberg's (1981) Incentives were determined by asking respondents to evaluate various incentives on a five-point scale from &dquo;not very important&dquo; to &dquo;extremely important.&dquo; Apart from material and solidarity incentives, normative incentives were differentiated by holding to the developmental scale described earlier.…”

Section: Dependent Variablessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…However, different kinds of associations utilize different incentives. While professional and recreational organizations may rely heavily on material and solidarity incentives, it is generally assumed that normative incentives play a dominant role in purposive organizations and social movements (Hildreth 1994;King and Walker 1992). Moreover, none of these incentives is administered in a social vacuum, requiring instead thick social infrastructures (McCarthy 1987) or micro-mobilization contexts (McAdam 1988).…”

Section: Rational Determinants Of Political Activism: Organizational mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moral Judgment, Organizational Incentives and Collective Action: Participation in Abortion Politics

Gross

1995

Political Research Quarterly

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Abortion politics affords an opportunity to examine how moral judgments are translated into collective action. Two approaches are examined. Cognitive developmental theory underscores moral development as a necessary condition of activism while rational choice theory emphasizes the necessity of appropriate incentive structures as a condition of participation in purposive organizations. Each theory is operationalized and the effects of moral development and organizational incentives on political activism are measured. Three significant conclusions emerge contradicting central tenets of each theory. First, moral development has no positive effect on any form of participation. Second, material and solidarity incentives, not normative incentives associated with the provision of a public good, have the strongest effect on abortion activism. Third, moral development significantly affects incentive choice, thereby having an indirect effect on political activism. The theoretical implications suggested by the findings are then discussed.Participation in social and moral reform movements is linked to a number of rational and cognitive determinants. As collective action, participation is analyzed as a function of rational utility calculations and organizational incentives (Eister 1989;Hardin 1982;Knoke 1988;Olson 1971). As moral action, participation is understood as a function of increasingly sophisticated cognitive development (Kohlberg and Candee 1984; Rest 1983;Haan et al. 1968;Merelman 1977;Nassi et al. 1983). Each methodology tells only one half of a complex story. Although rational choice theory has augmented the range of rationally compelling motivations with moral or normative incentives, the scope and content of these moral motivations are not fine-tuned, nor have the antecedent conditions of incentive choice been investigated. Moral development theory, on the other hand, delves into the cognitive conditions of action NOTE: The author is gratefully indebted to Richard Wilson as well as to the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on earlier drafts of this article.

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Section: Dependent Variablessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Rational Determinants Of Political Activism: Organizational mentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral Judgment, Organizational Incentives and Collective Action: Participation in Abortion Politics

Gross

1995

Political Research Quarterly

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“…A distinction has been made by some scholars of politics and sociology between the self-interest motivation of lobby groups and the 'purposive incentives' of activist groups, which often have a humanitarian or political element (Hildreth, 1994). A defining point of difference between interest groups and activists has been suggested:…”

Section: Self-interest In Activismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a theory of rent-seeking in activist public relations

Thompson

2016

Public Relations Inquiry

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This interdisciplinary conceptual essay offers critical reflection on the adoption of activism as a domain of public relations practice. This article examines the possibility of a relationship between the concept of economic rent-seeking from public choice theory and the practice, institutions and outcomes of activist public relations. The conclusion is an outline of three counter-narratives that theorise activist public relations as a practice that seeks to extract rents in the form of benefits from the political arena as a result of persuasive activity. The hope is that these theoretical counter-narratives may suggest future research questions which could be addressed to develop and test this line of inquiry and also broaden the study of activist public relations.

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“…High contributors may think others cannot be relied on-that "if you don't do it, nobody else will" (Oliver 1984 Finally, leadership teams that focus disproportionately on organizational maintenance may diminish behavioral commitment. Organizational maintenance activities are necessary for group survival (Kanter 1972;Oliver and Marwell 1992) but are less likely to reinforce the purposive motivations that underpin commitment (Hildreth 1994;Wilson 1973). Without an adequate balance of administrative and substantive activity, leaders may lose a sense of efficacy and disengage from the group (Ganz 2000;Polletta 2002).…”

Section: Organization Level: Resource Mobilization and Team Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Associations

2013

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Leaders make vital contributions to the survival and success of civic associations. Organization leaders deliberate over and select group structures, strategies, and tactics (Ganz 2009; Morris 1984; Polletta 2002), shape collective action frames (Morris and Staggenborg 2003), and identify opportunities and mobilize resources (Zald and McCarthy 1987). They do the work required to launch and sustain programs, engage active participants, and expand recognition (

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The Importance of Purposes in "Purposive" Groups: Incentives and Participation in the Sanctuary Movement

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Moral Judgment, Organizational Incentives and Collective Action: Participation in Abortion Politics

Moral Judgment, Organizational Incentives and Collective Action: Participation in Abortion Politics

Towards a theory of rent-seeking in activist public relations

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