The Importance of Recent Ice Ages in Speciation: A Failed Paradigm

Klicka, John; Zink, Robert M.

doi:10.1126/science.277.5332.1666

Cited by 632 publications

(566 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The Pleistocene origin of the majority of the species is very robust with respect to uncertainties in the rate of the molecular clock, or with respect to the method used for estimating the ultrametric tree (direct enforcement in PAUP or the NPRS method of Sanderson, 1997). These results are against the view of the Pleistocene as a time of little evolutionary change at the species level (Coope, 1979;Elias, 1994;Bennet, 1997;Klicka & Zink, 1997, 1999Janson & Dynesius, 2002). On the contrary, at least for diving beetles the Pyrenees and the Ebro valley seem to have been almost insurmountable geographical barriers during most of the Pleistocene, isolating Iberian populations from those in the rest of Europe long enough for them to speciate in allopatry.…”

Section: Divergence Area Range and Habitatcontrasting

confidence: 41%

Are Iberian endemics Iberian? A case-study using water beetles of family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)

Ribera¹

2003

GRAELLSIA

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The phylogenetic relationships and the geographical origin of 27 of the 34 species and of 3 of the 9 subspecies of Iberian endemic Dytiscidae are studied, based on species level phylogenies constructed with two mitochondrial gene fragments (16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase I). All Iberian endemic species for which more than one specimen was included were monophyletic with the exception of the complex Deronectes aubei sanfilippoi Fery & Brancucci, 1997-D. delarouzei (Jac. Du Val, 1857 (Sharp, 1872) and Hydroporus normandi normandi Régimbart, 1903 do not form well characterised lineages, as measured with the mitochondrial markers used in this study.The Iberian endemic species of Dytiscidae are divided in three groups according to the type of vicariant origin: 1) within-Iberian species, when the sister species (or clade) of the Iberian endemic is also and Iberian endemic; 2) Iberian/European, when the sister occurs in Europe north of the Pyrenees; and 3) Iberian/North African, when the sister occurs in North Africa. Within-Iberian endemics are found to be on average older than Iberian/European and Iberian/North African species, they have more restricted distributions within the Iberian peninsula (they occur typically in only one of the main biogeographical regions), and tend to occur exclusively in running waters. The withinIberian species are best represented by the "Iberian" clade of the genus Deronectes, formed by six endemic species plus two species with wider distributions. Most species in this group originated in rapid succession in the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene boundary by repeated vicariant events in the three main mountain massifs in the Iberian peninsula: the Pyrenees, the Baetic ranges, and the Sistema Central plus mountain massifs of the NW. On the contrary, most of the Iberian/European species seem to be the recent (Pleistocene) vicariants of a species with a widespread distribution encompassing the Iberian peninsula, at present restricted to south and west of the Ebro valley. The results of these analyses suggest that the Iberian peninsula was an isolated refuge during the Quaternary glaciations, in where allopatric speciation was frequent among some lineages of Dytiscidae diving beetles.

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Section: Divergence Area Range and Habitatcontrasting

confidence: 41%

Are Iberian endemics Iberian? A case-study using water beetles of family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)

Ribera¹

2003

GRAELLSIA

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“…Fossil evidence for this precursor is found 350,000 years ago in Palestine (Summers-Smith 1988). However, the Pleistocene origin for sparrows (this paper) and other Passerines (including Serinus and Carduelis; Klicka and Zink 1997;ArnaizVillena et al 1998ArnaizVillena et al , 1999a could be placed much further back into the Miocene or Pliocene Epochs, Pleistocene being more important in subspeciation. Our Fig.…”

Section: Phylogeography Of Passer Speciesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…On the other hand, it is widely believed that Pleistocene temperature variations (glaciations) and subsequent isolation are the most important factors provoking the appearance of new extant bird species (Gill 1995). Recent contradictory evidence suggests that speciation of some genera and orders may have already occurred a long time ago (Chiappe 1995;Feduccia 1995;Hackett 1996;Hedges et al 1996;Härlid et al 1997), particularly in Passerines (Klicka and Zink 1997) and in Carduelinae (Marten and Johnson 1986;Fehrer 1996;Arnaiz-Villena et al 1998, 1999a. In the present work, we have collected Passer and other related species samples from around the world (Passeridae; Sibley and Monroe 1990) in order to sequence an orthologous gene from each of them: the mt cyt b (924 bp).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Old World Sparrows (Genus Passer) Phylogeography and Their Relative Abundance of Nuclear mtDNA Pseudogenes

et al. 2001

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Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships of genusPasser (Old World sparrows) have been studied with species covering their complete world living range. Mitochondrial (mt) cyt b genes and pseudogenes have been analyzed, the latter being strikingly abundant in genus Passer compared with other studied songbirds. The significance of these Passer pseudogenes is presently unclear. The mechanisms by which mt cyt b genes become pseudogenes after nuclear translocation are discussed together with their mode of evolution, i.e., transition/ transversion mitochondrial ratio is decreased in the nucleus, as is the constraint for variability at the three codon positions. However, the skewed base composition according to codon position (in 1 st position the percentage is very similar for the four bases, in 2 nd position there are fewer percentage of A and G and more percentage of T, and in 3 rd codon position fewer percentage of G and T and is very rich in A and C) is maintained in the translocated nuclear pseudogenes. Different nuclear internal mechanisms and/or selective pressures must exist for explaining this nuclear/mitochondrial differential DNA base evolutive variability. Also, the phylogenetic usefulness of pseudogenes for defining relationships between closely related lineages is stressed. The analyses suggest that the primitive genus Passer species comes from Africa, the Cape sparrow being the oldest: P. hispaniolensis italiae is more likely conspecific to P. domesticus than to P. hispaniolensis. Also, Passer species are not included within weavers or Estrildinae or Emberizinae, as previously suggested. European and American Emberizinae sparrows are closely related to each other and seem to be the earliest species that radiated among the studied songbirds (all in the Miocene Epoch).

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“…Most of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (1,033 bp) and the entire NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene (ND2; 1,041bp) were amplified and cycle-sequenced using four primer pairs per gene per individual. Primers used for cytochrome b included: L14851 (Kornegay et al, 1993), H16064 (Harshman, 1996), L15350 (Klicka and Zink, 1997), and H15424 (Hackett, 1996). Primers used for ND2 were L5216, H6313, H5758, and H5766 (Sorenson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Dna Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Impacts of Climatic Change on a Beringian Endemic: Cryptic Refugia in the Establishment and Differentiation of the Rock Sandpiper (Calidris Ptilocnemis)

Pruett

Winker

2005

Climatic Change

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Abstract. The importance of climatic change on the establishment and differentiation of high-latitude species is largely unknown. Biological effects of historic climate change can be determined from historic signals in genetic data. The rock sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) is a good test case for examining these biological effects because it has a known sister species, the purple sandpiper (Calidris maritima), and it is the only endemic Beringian bird with multiple described subspecies, suggesting a process of initial establishment and subsequent differentiation in the high-latitude regions of Beringia. We sequenced 2,074 bp of mitochondrial DNA from 40 rock sandpipers from nine breeding locations and four purple sandpipers. We used phylogenetic and coalescence methods to reconstruct trees and to evaluate the population demography, migration rates, and relative times of population divergence. Phylogenetic trees show that purple and rock sandpipers are monophyletic sister species. Within the rock sandpiper, clade branching patterns and coalescence estimates suggest that there were multiple refugial populations in Beringia, which correspond loosely to different glacial cycles. Rock sandpipers show the establishment, persistence, and accumulation of partitioned genetic diversity across several glacial cycles, implicating the presence of multiple cryptic biological refugia in this region through repeated cycles of climate change.

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The Importance of Recent Ice Ages in Speciation: A Failed Paradigm

Cited by 632 publications

References 35 publications

Are Iberian endemics Iberian? A case-study using water beetles of family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)

Are Iberian endemics Iberian? A case-study using water beetles of family Dytiscidae (Coleoptera)

The Old World Sparrows (Genus Passer) Phylogeography and Their Relative Abundance of Nuclear mtDNA Pseudogenes

Biological Impacts of Climatic Change on a Beringian Endemic: Cryptic Refugia in the Establishment and Differentiation of the Rock Sandpiper (Calidris Ptilocnemis)

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