The Importance of Site Evaluation Management System on the Site Survey Phase for Constructing Nuclear Power Plant in West Kalimantan

Abstract

Site survey in the potential site of the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) construction is an essential preliminary activity. Site survey has a crucial role in successful NPP construction. Several factors are contributing to a successful site evaluation. One of them is the Site Evaluation Management System (SEMS). Indonesia National Nuclear Regulatory Body (BAPETEN) had stipulated Head of BAPETEN Decree No. 4 the Year 2010, about Management System for Activities and Facilities. A site survey activity needs to adhere to the requirements in the regulation above, consisting of the management system, management’s responsibility, resources management, implementation process, monitoring, measurement, evaluation, and correction. The implementation of SEMS is conducted with the methods of a plan, do, check, and action and applied to these site survey phases: survey planning, survey implementation, survey audit, and survey review. It found that the SEMS implementation with the preliminary risk assessment significantly improves the safety of the site survey activity. The risk assessment result is categorized as follows: acceptable risk, tolerable risk, intolerable risk, and unacceptable risk. The risk assessment was conducted by following site survey activities: seismic, volcanic, meteorologic, hydrologic, geotechnical and foundation, human-induced events, and population distribution and density. It found that the implementation of SEMS with preliminary risk assessments supports the Indonesia energy security, which includes 4A: Availability (the availability of the energy kind), Accessibility (the accessibility to utilize the energy), Affordability, and Acceptability (public’s acceptance to the energy utilization). Site survey activities that meet the Availability criteria are from these aspects: seismic, volcanic, meteorologic, hydrologic, geotechnical, and foundation; while the site survey activities that meet the acceptability criteria are from these aspects: human-induced events, and population distribution and density. The implementation of SEMS has a better impact on the site survey activity when a series of risk assessments is conducted beforehand. It also found that the implementation of SEMS with preliminary risk assessments fulfills the 4A of Indonesia Energy Security: availability, accessibility, affordability, acceptability.