The importance of soot particles and nitrous acid in oxidizing SO2 in atmospheric aqueous droplets

Chang, Shuenn‐Yih; Toossi, Reza; Novakov, T.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(81)90322-x

Cited by 80 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Several studies have suggested that EC can serve as a catalyst for the oxidation of SO, to SOY-in solution (Benner et al, 1982;Chang et al, 1981). Benner et al (1982) indicated a maximum conversion of 8 pg SOY-per gram of EC per second.…”

Section: Elemental Carbon As Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Carbon Particles in the Detroit Urban Area: Wintertime Sources and Sinks

Dasch

Cadle

1989

Aerosol Science and Technology

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The sources and sinks of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were studied in the Detroit area during the 1983-1984 and 1984-1985 winters. Based on fuel usage and emission estimates, the largest carbon source was residential wood burning, which contributed 60% of OC emissions and 49% of EC emissions. Diesel vehicles contributed another 6% of OC emissions and 2% of EC emissions. Commercial and residential coal burning also contributed 27% of OC and 13% of EC. The sinks of atmospheric carbon were determined by measuring the carbon content of atmospheric particles, wet deposition and dry deposition. Carbon levels in air particles averaged 5.6 p g / d OC and 2.2 pg/d EC.Precipitation concentrations averaged 760 pg/L OC and 160 pg/L EC. The OC/EC ratio was higher in precipitation (4.7) than in ambient particles (2.5), indicating that a high OC/EC ratio increases the hygroscopicity of the particles, and hence, their removal by precipitation. Based on the known oxidation rate, insufficient EC is available in the atmosphere to significantly catalyze the oxidation of SO2 to sulfuric acid.

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Section: Elemental Carbon As Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Carbon Particles in the Detroit Urban Area: Wintertime Sources and Sinks

Dasch

Cadle

1989

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The data were analyzed by assuming a value for K where eq (3) and calculating the concentration of . .…”

Section: -1 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of ferrous nitrosyl complexes

Littlejohn¹,

Chang²

1982

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Especially in polluted areas it is interesting to study the water vapor condensation on primary aerosol particles like soot or fly ashes because they can cause a significant sulfate production inside droplets as shown by various laboratory experiments (e.g., Cofer et al, 1984;Chang et al, 1981;Dlugi, 1983;Dlugi and Jordan, 1984). If these particles from primary emissions are activated and form small and concentrated droplets, the rate of SO, oxidation by catalysts or active surface sites in dispersed aqueous systems can reach 10% h-' or more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry and Deposition of Soot Particles in Moist Air and Fog

Dlugi¹

1989

Aerosol Science and Technology

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From numerous laboratory experiments it is well known that gaseous compounds are absorbed and can be oxidized on aerosol particles and in droplets by different processes. But only few studies have been performed in the atmosphere that show the contribution of heterogeneous reactions to sulfate and nifrate formation processes. Therefore vertically resolved and time-dependent measurements of chemical compounds and meteorological quantities were conducted near a polluted area to study the formation of reaction products on soots and other particles and the activation of these particles during fog formation. Furthermore, the influence of these particles on chemical reactions inside fog droplets was examined. The fluxes of different compounds, particles, and droplets were calculated from vertical profiles of chemical, physical, and meteorological quantities. If the horizontal and vertical transport from the source region to the measuring site is considered, the observed particle composition can be calculated based on reaction laws from laboratory experiments. The influence of relative humidity on the reaction rate was found to be especially important in the atmosphere. Soot particles are often found to be activated to a Lower extent than other particles during fog formation. Then the deposition fluxes of soots in humid air and fog are smaller than for other particles.

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The importance of soot particles and nitrous acid in oxidizing SO2 in atmospheric aqueous droplets

Cited by 80 publications

References 16 publications

Atmospheric Carbon Particles in the Detroit Urban Area: Wintertime Sources and Sinks

Atmospheric Carbon Particles in the Detroit Urban Area: Wintertime Sources and Sinks

Kinetic study of ferrous nitrosyl complexes

Chemistry and Deposition of Soot Particles in Moist Air and Fog

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