The impulsive brain: Neural underpinnings of binge eating behavior in normal-weight adults

Oliva, Rafael; Morys, Filip; Horstmann, Annette; Castiello, Umberto; Begliomini, Chiara

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.043

Cited by 47 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The importance of FA in ED patients questions the pertinence of this distinction between objective impaired control in the field of addictive disorders on the one hand and a subjective sense of lack of control in the field of Feeding and Eating Disorders on the other hand. Some studies have suggested that disturbances in the inhibitory control pathway, occurring in particular rewarding conditions, may favor ED, in particular BED and BN [6,84,85]. Moreover, in AN patients, the literature has also suggested the pivotal role of the reward system in the context of exposure to particular stimuli, such as underweight stimuli for patients presenting acute AN [86], that support theories of starvation dependence, and food stimuli for patients presenting recovered AN as previously cited [67], that supports a particular affinity for eating, which persists even after starvation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction among Female Patients Seeking Treatment for an Eating Disorder: Prevalence and Associated Factors

et al. 2020

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The concept of “food addiction” (FA) has aroused much focus because of evidence for similarities between overeating and substance use disorders (SUDs). However, few studies have explored this concept among the broad spectrum of eating disorders (ED), especially in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to assess FA prevalence in ED female patients and to determine its associated factors. We recruited a total of 195 adult women with EDs from an ED treatment center. The prevalence of FA diagnosis (Yale Food Addiction Scale) in the whole ED sample was 83.6%; AN restrictive type (AN-R), 61.5%; AN binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP), 87.9%; bulimia nervosa (BN), 97.6%; and binge-eating disorder (BED), 93.3%. The most frequently met criteria of FA were “clinically significant impairment or distress in relation to food”, “craving” and “persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to cut down”. An FA diagnosis was independently associated with three variables: presence of recurrent episodes of binge eating, ED severity, and lower interoceptive awareness. In showing an overlap between ED and FA, this study allows for considering EDs, and AN-R in particular, from an “addictive point of view”, and thus for designing therapeutic management that draws from those proposed for addictive disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction among Female Patients Seeking Treatment for an Eating Disorder: Prevalence and Associated Factors

et al. 2020

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“…The authors concluded that the MFG might represent a key region in the pathophysiology of obesity (García‐García et al, ). Of relevance to this study, we have previously demonstrated differences in the right MFG between NW BE and non‐BE in a task‐based fMRI investigation focusing on the neural correlates of food‐specific response inhibition in binge eating (Oliva et al, ). Specifically, the results revealed a differential engagement of frontostriatal regions between the groups during a food‐specific Go/No‐Go task: the BE showed lower activation of the right MFG, putamen and temporoparietal regions, compared to non‐BE, while performing the task (Oliva et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Of relevance to this study, we have previously demonstrated differences in the right MFG between NW BE and non-BE in a task-based fMRI investigation focusing on the neural correlates of food-specific response inhibition in binge eating (Oliva et al, 2019). Specifically, the results revealed a differential engagement of frontostriatal regions between the groups during a food-specific Go/No-Go task: the BE showed lower activation of the right MFG, putamen and temporoparietal regions, compared to non-BE, while performing the task (Oliva et al, 2019). The consistent involvement of the right MFG-both at rest and during the task-suggests that this region might be pivotal for inhibitory mechanisms at the roots of overeating conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…This study is part of a broader line of research that aims to characterize the role of impulsivity at the roots of binge eating behavior. The samples included in this study partially overlap with those described in a previous task‐based fMRI investigation (Oliva, Morys, Horstmann, Castiello, & Begliomini, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples included in this study partially overlap with those described in a previous task-based fMRI investigation (Oliva, Morys, Horstmann, Castiello, & Begliomini, 2019).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing impulsivity and resting‐state functional connectivity in normal‐weight binge eaters

Oliva

Morys

Horstmann

et al. 2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Binge eating is characterized by episodes of uncontrolled eating, within discrete periods of time. Although it is usually described in obese individuals or as a symptom of Binge Eating Disorder (BED), this behavior can also occur in the normal‐weight (NW) population. An interesting premise suggests that impulsivity might contribute to the onset of binge eating and the progression toward weight gain. Drawing upon this evidence, here we explored impulsivity in NW individuals reporting binge‐eating episodes through a functional connectivity approach. We hypothesized that, even in the absence of an eating disorder, NW binge eaters would be characterized by connectivity pattern changes in corticostriatal regions implicated in impulsivity, similarly to the results described in BED individuals. Methods A resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study tested 39 NW men and women, with and without binge eating (binge eaters, BE and non‐BE). Brain functional connectivity was explored by means of graph theoretic centrality measures and traditional seed‐based analysis; trait impulsivity was assessed with self‐report questionnaires. Results The BE group was characterized by a higher degree of trait impulsivity. Brain functional connectivity measures revealed lower degree centrality within the right middle frontal gyrus, left insula/putamen and left temporoparietal regions and a lower functional connectivity between the right middle frontal gyrus and right insula in the BE group. Discussion The results support previous evidence on BED of altered functional connectivity and higher impulsivity at the roots of overeating behavior, but further extend this concept excluding any potential confounding effect exerted by the weight status.

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The Neurobiological Basis of Executive Function Alterations in Binge Eating Populations

Steward

Berner

2020

Binge Eating

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The impulsive brain: Neural underpinnings of binge eating behavior in normal-weight adults

Cited by 47 publications

References 85 publications

Food Addiction among Female Patients Seeking Treatment for an Eating Disorder: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Food Addiction among Female Patients Seeking Treatment for an Eating Disorder: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Characterizing impulsivity and resting‐state functional connectivity in normal‐weight binge eaters

The Neurobiological Basis of Executive Function Alterations in Binge Eating Populations

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