The inability to ignore: distractibility in women with restricting anorexia nervosa

Dickson, Hannah; Brooks, Samantha; Uher, Rudolf; Tchanturia, Kate; Treasure, Janet; Campbell, Iain C.

doi:10.1017/s0033291708002961

Cited by 35 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Since the samples studied have primarily been adult samples (many of which have chronic illness histories), it remains a possibility that the deficits found are a ''scar'' effect of being unwell for a long time or indicate risk factors for the development of chronic AN. This is consistent with the observed positive relationship between distractibil-ity errors and duration of illness 17 and poor cognitive performance and frequency of hospital admissions. 12 One possible solution to this concern would be the recruitment of adolescents with brief histories of AN.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

Hatch

Madden

Kohn

et al. 2009

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

Hatch

Madden

Kohn

et al. 2009

Intl J Eating Disorders

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“…No differences were found either in DOD or TMT, which means that participants with AN did not show verbal attention impairments, contrary to data reported by Kingston et al (1996) and Dickson et al (2008). Differences were found in SIP (Lauer et al, 1999) in cognitive tasks such as the SDMT, Stroop-W, and Stroop-C, but not in TMT-A, which includes a motor component.…”

Section: Attention and Speed Of Information Processingcontrasting

confidence: 85%

Neuropsychological Impairments in Anorexia Nervosa: A Spanish Sample Pilot Study

Oltra-Cucarella

Espert

Rojo

et al. 2013

Applied Neuropsychology: Adult

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This work was aimed at obtaining a profile of neuropsychological impairments in young Spanish participants with anorexia nervosa (AN) to demonstrate that right-hemisphere and frontal capacity impairments are present not only in the acute phase but also after weight recovery in a Spanish sample compared with a healthy control group. Twelve patients with AN in the acute phase (body mass index [BMI] < 17) were compared both to 16 healthy control subjects and 12 weight-recovered AN participants (BMI ! 17) matched by age, IQ, and educational level by utilizing a wide neuropsychological battery. Differences were found between AN groups only for long-term verbal memory, which worsens as BMI increases. Among participants with AN as a group, results showed differences in speed of information processing, working memory, visual memory, and inhibition, unrelated to attentional capabilities. We cannot support the hypothesis of a specific right cerebral dysfunction in patients with AN. A general cognitive dysfunction, primarily in information processing, working memory, visual and verbal memory, as well as frontal impairments such as impulsivity and poor behavioral control, appeared unrelated to BMI. We support previous works affirming that neuropsychological impairments in AN are not a consequence of the illness but a risk factor for it to develop.

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“…If it is considered that regardless of the task with which they are evaluated, such characteristics were observed, changes in selective attention could occur. This important finding is opposite to what some authors have mentioned about attentive difficulties being only observed when stimuli are related to food and body shape, as in the case of the Stroop Color and Word Test adapted for ED [16,46,47], and it also contradicts some research studies which indicate that alterations are found at the basic attention levels such as alertness and sustained attention [19,48]. This focusing on the details also reinforces the hypothesis of the existence of weaknesses in the central coherence process.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Neuropsychological Functioning in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Sánchez¹,

Gutiérrez²

2017

Eating Disorders - A Paradigm of the Biopsychosocial Model of Illness

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Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are eating disorders in which a wide range of neuropsychological alterations are exhibited; however, the neuropsychology of bulimia nervosa has been poorly studied, and inconsistency has been found in results from different studies. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to evaluate the differences in the neuropsychological functioning among women with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa and with no eating disorders. Seventy-two women participated in this study: 18 with anorexia nervosa, 24 with bulimia nervosa and 30 without any eating disorder; all of them answered the neuropsychological version of the Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III), the Rey Complex Figure Test, the Tower of London Task and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Overall, the results showed similar difficulties in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa groups, such as in the visuoconstructive process, executive functioning (specifically in planning skills to achieve a goal, cognitive flexibility and working memory), in selective attention and in nonverbal reasoning and common sense judgment when facing complex problems. These findings open the possibility to reformulate intervention programs for management of bulimia nervosa and consider the use of cognitive remediation therapy, which is already used in anorexia nervosa with a good prognosis.

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The inability to ignore: distractibility in women with restricting anorexia nervosa

Abstract: Decreased ability to concentrate in the presence of explicit distracters is a feature of AN and is associated with longer duration of illness. This phenomenon could be addressed in psychological interventions.

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

In first presentation adolescent anorexia nervosa, do cognitive markers of underweight status change with weight gain following a refeeding intervention?

Neuropsychological Impairments in Anorexia Nervosa: A Spanish Sample Pilot Study

Neuropsychological Functioning in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

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