The incidence of abnormality in control human peripheral nerves studied by single axon dissection.

Arnold, Nichelle; Harriman, D. G. F.

doi:10.1136/jnnp.33.1.55

Cited by 75 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Segmental demyelination in peripheral nerve disease associated with diabetes , diphtheria (Cavanagh and Jacobs, 1964), peroneal muscular atrophy (Gutrecht and Dyck, 1966), and chronic uraemia (Appenzeller et al, 1971) has been demonstrated. The incidence of abnormalities in single axon dissections in so-called 'normal' human peripheral nerves in various age groups has also been studied (Arnold and Harriman, 1970). This technique is ideal for the demonstration of segmental demyelination which otherwise can only be seen imperfectly in sectioned material and may remain unrecognized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myelinated fibres in the human paravertebral sympathetic chain; quantitative studies on white rami communicantes

Appenzeller

Ogin

1973

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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SUMMARY Myelinated fibres in the human sympathetic paravertebral chain were examined histologically and in single teased fibre preparations in various age groups in subjects dying from disorders not affecting primarily the autonomic nervous system. An increase in fibre density predominantly due to an increase in the number of small fibres was found in older subjects. A correlation between internodal length and fibre diameter was found but the internodes of sympathetic myelinated fibres are shorter for any given diameter than those found on fibres of comparable size in the sural nerve. A reduction in internodal lengths with advancing years was demonstrated. These observations are interpreted to show that Wallerian degeneration and segmental demyelination occur with increasing frequency in old age and that regeneration does not keep pace with successive degenerative events. The deterioration in function of the autonomic nervous system with advancing years may be attributed in part to the changes found in myelinated fibres in the paravertebral sympathetic chain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myelinated fibres in the human paravertebral sympathetic chain; quantitative studies on white rami communicantes

Appenzeller

Ogin

1973

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…Also, older muscle fibers tend to be angulated in shape, reflecting denervation of muscle fibers [69]. Motor nerves also demonstrate agerelated changes where nerve fibers decrease in diameter [70] and nerve conduction slows [71]. In addition, the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) where the motor neuron and the muscle fibers meet changes with aging where presynaptic nerve terminal branching and post-synaptic distribution of neurotransmitter receptor sites are increased and the NMJ has limited capacity to adapt [72].…”

Section: Skeletal Muscular Changes Associated With Agingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Muscle Quality in Aging: a Multi-Dimensional Approach to Muscle Functioning with Applications for Treatment

2015

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Aging is often accompanied by declines in physical functioning which impedes older adults' quality of life, sense of independence, and ability to perform daily tasks. Age-related decreases in skeletal muscle quantity, termed sarcopenia, have traditionally been blamed for these physical decrements. However, recent evidence suggests that the quality of muscle tissue may be more functionally relevant than its quantity. 'Muscle quality' has been emerging as a means to elucidate and describe the intricate intramuscular changes associated with muscle performance in the context of aging and sarcopenia. While muscle quality has most commonly been defined in terms of muscle composition or relative strength, at the core, muscle quality really describes muscle's ability to function. Skeletal muscle displays a strong structure-function relationship by which several architectural characteristics factor into its functional capacity. This review describes the structural, physiological, and functional determinants of muscle quality at the tissue and cellular level, while also introducing other novel parameters such as sarcomere spacing and integrity, circulating biomarkers, and the muscle quality index. Muscle qualitative features are described from the perspective of how physical exercise may improve muscle quality in older adults. This broad, multidimensional perspective of muscle quality in the context of aging and sarcopenia offers comprehensive insights for consideration and integration in developing improved prognostic tools for research and clinical care, while also promoting translational approaches to the design of novel targeted intervention strategies designed to maintain function and mobility into late life.

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“…The study of peripheral nerve by the teased fibre technique has been well established in healthy individuals (Lascelles and Thomas, 1966; Arnold and Harriman, 1970), in experimental neuropathy, and in different neuropathies of man (Dyck et al, 1968). The presence of segmental demyelination in nerves in early leprosy irrespective of its type has been reported by Antia et al (1975) and Mehta et al (1975).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Teased fibre study of early nerve lesions in leprosy and in contacts, with electrophysiological correlates.

Shetty¹,

Mehta²,

Antia³

et al. 1977

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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S UM MARY A teased fibre technique was used to study 19 biopsies of the index finger branch of the radial cutaneous nerve of leprosy patients and contacts. These were compared with four normal nerves. Five nerves were from patients with preclinical nerve lesions, five from leprosy patients with minimal sensory nerve impairment, and five from contacts of lepromatous leprosy. The extent of demyelination in preclinical nerve lesions in leprosy and in contacts of leprosy is recorded. The usefulness of nerve conduction velocity studies in early leprosy patients and in contacts is discussed.The study of peripheral nerve by the teased fibre technique has been well established in healthy individuals (Lascelles and Thomas, 1966;Arnold and Harriman, 1970), in experimental neuropathy, and in different neuropathies of man (Dyck et al., 1968). The presence of segmental demyelination in nerves in early leprosy irrespective of its type has been reported by Antia et al. (1975) and Mehta et al. (1975). Dastur and Razak (1971) state that segmental demyelination is very common in lepromatous leprosy and Wallerian degeneration is common in the tuberculoid variety. The extensive damage in tuberculoid leprosy is believed to be related to the severity of the cellular reaction. No teased fibre study of very early nerve lesions in leprosy has been reported. We have studied the morphology of nerve fibre degeneration by the teased fibre technique at the early clinical and preclinical stage of nerve involvement. Material and methodThe index finger branch of the radial cutaneous nerve was biopsied by the technique previously described Group IV Five nerves obtained from the contacts of lepromatous leprosy patients, who were clinically and bacteriologically not suffering from leprosy. We have described the method for estimating the conduction velocity of this nerve

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The incidence of abnormality in control human peripheral nerves studied by single axon dissection.

Cited by 75 publications

References 5 publications

Myelinated fibres in the human paravertebral sympathetic chain; quantitative studies on white rami communicantes

Myelinated fibres in the human paravertebral sympathetic chain; quantitative studies on white rami communicantes

Muscle Quality in Aging: a Multi-Dimensional Approach to Muscle Functioning with Applications for Treatment

Teased fibre study of early nerve lesions in leprosy and in contacts, with electrophysiological correlates.

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