The incidence of posterior capsule disruption during phacoemulsification and associated postoperative complication rates in dogs: 244 eyes (1995–2002)

Abstract

The most significant complication of posterior capsule disruption during phacoemulsification is the inability to implant an intraocular lens. Intraocular lenses are more likely to be placed in eyes with intentional disruptions of the posterior capsule than those with accidental ruptures.

The effect of postoperative oral antibiotic therapy on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification surgery in dogs: 368 eyes (1997–2010)

“…Our data indicate that endophthalmitis following phacoemulsification cataract extraction is a rare event in dogs, occurring in three out of 368 at risk eyes in this study (0.82%). This is in general agreement with previous studies in dogs ( Johnstone & Ward, 2005 ; Sigle & Nasisse, 2006 ; Azoulay et al, 2013 ; Ledbetter, Spertus & Kurtzman, 2018 ) but higher than most studies in humans ( Liesegang, 2001 ; Ciulla, Starr & Masket, 2002 ; Kamalarajah et al, 2004 ; Li et al, 2004 ; Taban et al, 2005 ; Wejde et al, 2005 ; Ou & Ta, 2006 ; Rosha et al, 2006 ; Cao et al, 2013 ; Rudnisky, Wan & Weis, 2014 ). Furthermore, our data did not reveal that postoperative administration of systemic antibiotics protected against endophthalmitis.…”

“…In humans the most common offending organisms are coagulase negative Staphylococci in acute cases ( i.e ., POD 2–7) and Propionibacterium acnes in more chronic cases ( Durand, 2013 ). The single culture-proven case in the present study was an Enterococcus , but the number of reported cases of post-phacoemulsification endophthalmitis in dogs is too limited to make any conclusions about predominance of any specific organism ( Johnstone & Ward, 2005 ; Sigle & Nasisse, 2006 ; Ledbetter, Spertus & Kurtzman, 2018 ). It has been shown that introduction of organisms into the eye during phacoemulsification is rather common in dogs and humans, yet development of endophthalmitis is rare ( Dickey, Thompson & Jay, 1991 ; Taylor et al, 1995 ; Tervo et al, 1999 ; Ledbetter, Millichamp & Dziezyc, 2004 ; Ledbetter, Spertus & Kurtzman, 2018 ).…”

“…The rate of post-cataract extraction endophthalmitis ranges from 0.012% to 0.56% in the human literature ( Liesegang, 2001 ; Ciulla, Starr & Masket, 2002 ; Kamalarajah et al, 2004 ; Li et al, 2004 ; Taban et al, 2005 ; Wejde et al, 2005 ; Ou & Ta, 2006 ; Rosha et al, 2006 ; Cao et al, 2013 ; Rudnisky, Wan & Weis, 2014 ), with two large meta-analyses reporting average rates of 0.134% ( n = 6,686,169; Cao et al, 2013 ) and 0.128% ( n = 3,140,560; Taban et al, 2005 ). Rates from 0–1.4% have been published in dogs ( Sigle & Nasisse, 2006 ; Johnstone & Ward, 2005 ; Azoulay et al, 2013 ; Ledbetter, Spertus & Kurtzman, 2018 ; Lacerda et al, 2018 ). The presumed sources of ocular infection in humans are the eyelids and conjunctival surface ( Speaker & Menikoff, 1991 ) and risk factors include advanced age, immunosuppressive comorbidities ( e.g ., diabetes mellitus), and intraoperative complications ( Sengillo et al, 2020 ); the same are presumed to be true for veterinary patients ( Ledbetter, Spertus & Kurtzman, 2018 ).…”

Outcome of 25‐gauge pars plana vitrectomy via a lateral approach without proptosis of the globe: A retrospective study in 72 dogs (78 eyes)

“…Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) develops when vitreous fluid enters the subretinal space between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium through a retinal tear 1–3 . RRD has many possible etiologies, including vitreous liquefaction, trauma, lens‐induced uveitis, lens luxation, lens surgery, vitreoretinal dysplasia, retinal cyst, and iatrogenic causes 1,2,4–14 . In dogs, RRD generally involves angles of greater than 90°, which is classified as giant RRD 3,4,15,16 .…”

Effect of Topical Administration of 0.8% Nalbuphine on the Cornea in Dogs after Phacoemulsification

“…In the last decade, phacoemulsification has been becoming a common surgical procedure for restoring vision in veterinary patients with cataract [9,12,19]. Postoperative pain can be caused by intraocular manipulations that irritate intraocular tissue and induce the subsequent inflammatory response in the veterinary patient undergoing ocular surgery including phacoemulsification [13].…”