The income inequality-CO2 emissions nexus: Transmission mechanisms

Wan, Guanghua; Wang, Chen; Wang, Jinxian; Zhang, Xun

doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107360

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The same conclusion is drawn by Baek and Gweisah [17] and Kasuga and Takaya [18]. In a sample of 217 countries, Wan et al [19] found that the relationship between income inequality and CO 2 emissions is negative in high-income economies vis-à-vis the middle-high-income, middle-low-income, and low-income economies. Demir et al [20] and Khan et al [11] echoed the same conclusion.…”

Section: Review Of Selected Literaturesupporting

confidence: 60%

Inequality and the Environment: Impact and Way Forward

Sidek¹,

Laidin²

2023

Business, Management and Economics

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Economic and financial crisis thwarts the process of global economic growth, development, integration, and efforts to promote a sustainable environment. The onset of the recent crisis aggravates the problem of inequality and more resources need to be channeled for economic recovery. This study attempts to examine the impact of income inequality on environmental pollution in a sample of an unbalanced panel of 120 countries which consist of 42 high-income, 35 upper-middle-income, and 43 lower-middle- and low-income countries. The sample period runs from 1985 to 2019. The empirical results are quantitatively robust to a different alternative of proxy. Results affirmed an inverted U-shaped relationship between income inequality and environmental pollution for lower-middle- and low-income countries. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is present in the case of upper-middle, lower-middle- and low-income countries but not for high-income countries. The policy implication based on these findings is policies must be coordinated to cushion the impact of income inequality to enable more allocation for environmental protection such as measures to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite the crisis and economic slowdown, countries should take the opportunity to review their recovery plans by incorporating environmental concerns.

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Section: Review Of Selected Literaturesupporting

confidence: 60%

Inequality and the Environment: Impact and Way Forward

Sidek¹,

Laidin²

2023

Business, Management and Economics

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“…This largely reduces the dependence on carbon-based energy consumption and the impact on increased carbon emissions ( Huang and Duan, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2022a ). Churchill et al argue that the higher the income inequality, the more the R&D spending in OECD countries, and the increase in R&D spending will contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions( Awaworyi Churchill et al, 2019 ), and the emergence of this stage also corroborates the findings of Churchill et al and Wan et al (2022) .…”

Section: Empirical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 64%

“…At the same time, the addition of the income inequality variable also expands the nonlinear link between the two under a unified analytical framework, providing new evidence for an N-shaped link between them. Previous studies have pointed out that economic mechanisms affect the direction or extent of the effect of income inequality on carbon dioxide emissions( Wan et al, 2022 ). This paper shows that income inequality also affects the direction and extent of the effect of economic growth on per capita carbon emissions.…”

Section: Empirical Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does income inequality reshape the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis? A nonlinear panel data analysis

Yang

Wang

2023

Environmental Research

235

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“…If we use income inequality to measure development inequality, some studies suggest that the relationship between income inequality and CO 2 emissions shows different signs between rich countries and low-income countries [ 54 , 55 ]. In addition, some studies show that high-income groups within a country have a more positive effect on reducing CO 2 emissions [ 56 ]. In the SSP5 baseline scenario, countries will pay less attention to energy structure optimization and energy saving.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peaking Global and G20 Countries’ CO2 Emissions under the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways

Yuan

Feng

Guo

2022

IJERPH

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Mitigating climate change requires long-term global efforts. The aim of this study is to simulate the possible paths of CO2 emissions in G20 countries and the world from 2020 to 2050, by using the STIRPAT model and SSP scenarios with different constraints (SSP baseline, SSP-3.4). The results show that: (1) the world’s CO2 emissions cannot peak in the SSP baseline scenarios, but can peak in the SSP-3.4 scenarios through four paths other than the high fossil energy consumption path; (2) for G20 countries, in the SSP baseline scenarios, 13 countries such as China, the United States, and the United Kingdom can achieve the peak, while six countries such as Argentina, India, and Saudi Arabia cannot. In the SSP-3.4 scenarios, Saudi Arabia cannot achieve the peak, while other countries can achieve the peak, and most of them are likely to achieve significant CO2 emission reductions by 2050; (3) climate goals have a crowding-out effect on other sustainable development goals, with less impact on developed countries and a greater impact on developing countries; and (4) the optimization of the energy structure and a low energy intensity can greatly advance the peak time of CO2 emissions.

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The income inequality-CO2 emissions nexus: Transmission mechanisms

Cited by 56 publications

References 58 publications

Inequality and the Environment: Impact and Way Forward

Inequality and the Environment: Impact and Way Forward

Does income inequality reshape the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis? A nonlinear panel data analysis

Peaking Global and G20 Countries’ CO2 Emissions under the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways

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