The incorporation of whole grain into pelleted broiler chicken diets. II. Gastrointestinal and digesta characteristics

Taylor, Robert D.; Jones, G. P. D.

doi:10.1080/00071660410001715849

Cited by 78 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These results are not consistent with the current findings. Taylor and Jones (2004) implied that increased gizzard size could be a reason for the reduction in weight of the small intestine they found and might reflect an adaptation of the gut to increased availability of nutrients as a result of feeding a diet containing increased fibre content. Consequently, further investigations would be needed to explain why feeding CMD the rising quantities of dietary CF resulted in the falling relative weights of jejunum and ileum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, carcass, and physiological traits of growing male China Micro-ducks fed various levels of dietary crude fibre

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the responses of growth performance, organ development, carcass characteristics, and serum biochemical parameters to the diets with different levels of crude fibre (CF) in growing male China Micro-ducks (CMD). A total of 240 nineteen-day-old CMD were blocked on the basis of body weight, and then randomly allocated to four treatments, each with 6 replicate pens of 10 ducklings. The formal feeding experiment lasted for 35 days. The CF levels for four diets were 16.7, 42.6, 77.9, and 101.6 g/kg of dry matter (DM), respectively. The diet with the CF level of 101.6 g/kg of DM resulted in the first-rank growth performance, followed by the diets with the CF level of 42.6 and 77.9 g/kg of DM, and then the diet with the CF level of 16.7 g/kg of DM. The diet with the CF level of 42.6 g/kg of DM led to the optimum slaughter performance, followed by the diets with the CF levels of 16.7 and 77.9 g/kg of DM, and then the diet with the CF level of 101.6 g/kg of DM. With the increase of the CF level in the diets, the serum glucose concentration and the relative weights of proventriculus and gizzard significantly rose (P < 0.05), but the serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine, the percentages of head, feet, and abdominal fat, and the relative weights of liver, jejunum, and ileum significantly decreased (P < 0.05). For the percentages of pectoral muscle and lean meat and the relative weight of thymus, dietary treatment with the CF level of 16.7 g/kg of DM was significantly lower than the other dietary treatments (P < 0.05). The recommended range of dietary CF level for growing male CMD should therefore be between 42.6 and 77.9 g/kg of DM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, carcass, and physiological traits of growing male China Micro-ducks fed various levels of dietary crude fibre

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…These concentrations appear to be representative of concentrations that could be expected according to previously published results (13).…”

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confidence: 94%

“…VFA are, by their nature, volatile at pH values above approximately 3.0, and the loss of VFA can occur rapidly at physiological pH values (11). Previously reported methods have used concentrated H 2 SO 4 to stabilize the pH in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) contents collected from cattle (7) and sheep (6) and, in methods reported more recently by our research group for poultry (13) and rats (9), a mixture of perchloric acid and formic acid is used to stabilize pH and to precipitate protein.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Errors in the Analysis of Lactic Acid and Volatile Fatty Acids in the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Pigs and Chickens

Clayton

Blake

2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Recent articles by van Winsen et al. (2001) (16) and van der Wielen et al. (2000) (14) have described the measurements of lactate and volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the hind guts (ceca and colons) of pigs and broiler chickens, respectively, in an attempt to link these concentrations with the growth of certain pathogenic bacteria. In broiler chickens, the concentrations of lactate and acetate in the ceca were shown to be approximately 20 and 65 mol/g (or mmol/kg), respectively, when broilers were

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“…Diet composition influences the pH in the gastrointestinal tract and gastric acid secretion (production of proteolytic enzymes, lysozyme, mucus), thus affecting the composition of physiological gut microflora and the rate of gut peristaltis (Engberg et al 2004, Taylor andJones 2004). These untaught functions of the avian digestive system act as barriers and provide effective protection against harmful external factors including pathogens which enter the body via the digestive system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of whole wheat feeding on selected immune parameters in growing male turkeys

Tykałowski

Smiałek

Pestka

et al. 2014

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The objective of this study was to determine the effect of whole wheat feeding on selected parameters of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in growing turkeys. A total of 210 one-day-old heavy-type Hybrid Converter male turkeys were randomly divided into three different dietary treatment groups, each consisting of 7 replicate pens of 10 birds per pen. Until 4 wk of age, all birds were fed a commercial diet formulated to meet nutrient requirements. From 5 to 12 wk of age, diets were composed of wheat (ground-pelleted or whole grain) and protein-fat-mineral-vitamin concentrate. The total wheat concentration in diets was 500 or 600 g/kg in the feeding periods of 5-8 and 9-12 wk of birds' age, respectively. Whole grain wheat had a 0, 50 or 100% share of the total wheat amount in the daily ration in treatment groups W 0 , W 50 or W 100 , respectively. Commercial vaccines against ND (Newcastle disease) and TRT (Turkey rhinotracheitis) were administered to turkeys via the drinking water on days 20 and 30, respectively. Over the entire experiment, a significant linear decrease was observed in body weight gains (BWG) with increasing dietary levels of whole grain wheat. As a result the BWG of control turkeys (W 0 ) were significantly higher than the BWG of group W 100 birds (P = 0.002). A significant linear increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed with increasing dietary levels of whole grain wheat (P < 0.001). The levels of antibodies against TRT and ND viruses after immunization were significantly higher in both the W 50 and W 100 group, in comparison to group W 0 (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, respectively).Turkeys from group W 50 , in comparison to those from groups W 0 and W 100 , had a significantly higher percentage of CD4 + T cell subpopulation within the lymphocytes isolated from blood and ileal mucosa, as well as CD4 + CD8 + and CD8 + T cell subpopulations within the blood immunocompetent cells (P = 0.022, P = 0.029, P = 0.009 and P = 0.011, respectively). In the cecal tonsils, the percentage of CD8 + T cell subpopulation was significantly lower in group W 50 than in groups W 0 and W 100 (P = 0.014). The results of our study indicate that diluting diets with whole grain wheat stimulates the non-specific cell-mediated defense mechanisms of the gastrointestinal immune system in turkeys, thus positively affecting humoral response after vaccination.

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The incorporation of whole grain into pelleted broiler chicken diets. II. Gastrointestinal and digesta characteristics

Cited by 78 publications

References 16 publications

Growth, carcass, and physiological traits of growing male China Micro-ducks fed various levels of dietary crude fibre

Growth, carcass, and physiological traits of growing male China Micro-ducks fed various levels of dietary crude fibre

Possible Errors in the Analysis of Lactic Acid and Volatile Fatty Acids in the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Pigs and Chickens

Effect of whole wheat feeding on selected immune parameters in growing male turkeys

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