The Induction by Lysozyme of an L-Type Growth in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Willett, Hilda Pope; Thacore, Harshad R.

doi:10.1139/m66-003

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The accumulation ofenough host macromolecules about the surface of Phe I should render it somewhat indistinguishable from the host's self Most Phe I appear to have an intact cell wall. This is interesting in light of the fact that Willet and Thacore found that either acid phosphatase or phospholipase C could render H37Ra susceptible to lysozyme, with subsequent protoplast formation (1263) and, with high enough numbers of bacteria, even L-form development (1262). The addition of lysozyme to cell cultures of J-111 human monocytes has made possible the formation of protoplasts in these host cells (1147).…”

Section: Arabinogalactan and Arabinogalactan-mycolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium

Barksdale¹,

Kim²

1977

Bacteriol Rev

135

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M. xenopi ( 1037) M. paraffinicum (292) M. kansasii (198; 500) M. scrofulaceum (940; 941) 1950 M. terrae (978; 1225)c M. intracellulare (275; 996)d M. ukerans (746; 370) M. fortuitum (276, see also reference 519) M. microti (1246; 963)e M. thamnopheos (53)' M. marinum (52) M. chelonei (403; 126),g M. lepraemurium (1094; 769) M. phlei (842; 713)h M. bovis (1070; 585) M. paratuberculosis (552, 1188; 126)Y M. avium (1104, 754; 244, see also [717]) M. smegmatis (30; 713) M. tuberculosis (623; 712) M. keprae (species forma, 489, 712)J 220 BARKSDALE AND KIM BACTERIOL. REV.

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Section: Arabinogalactan and Arabinogalactan-mycolatementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium

Barksdale¹,

Kim²

1977

Bacteriol Rev

135

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“…Ferrous ammonium sulfate and sodium citrate provide iron and citrate in solution. The requirement for MgSO4 in defined media has been recognized for many years; its presence may be significant for cell wall synthesis and membrane stabilization (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

Progress in culture and subculture of spheroplasts and fastidious acid-fast bacilli isolated from intestinal tissues

1988

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The efficiency of culture media was compared for the culture and subculture of very slowly growing acid-fast bacilli and spheroplast forms obtained from intestinal tissues of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and from controls without inflammatory bowel disease. Media were developed by modifying a nutrient broth medium based on veal infusion broth and yeast extract. We evaluated the effects of pH and the addition of Tween 80, Dubo oleic albumin complex, an extract from intestinal tissue from a patient with Crohn's disease, horse serum, sucrose, magnesium sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, and sodium citrate. All media contained mycobactin J (2 micrograms/ml). We developed a medium (MG3) which was highly successful in promoting the growth of very fastidious organisms and promoted reversion of spheroplasts to acid-fast rods. MG3 contained veal infusion broth, 1% yeast extract, 10% horse serum, 0.3 M sucrose, 0.2% MgSO4, 0.1% ferrous ammonium sulfate, 0.1% sodium citrate, and 2 mg of mycobactin J per liter. We were able to obtain quantities of organisms sufficient for examination of the organisms by molecular techniques. Successful cultivation of all isolates and reversion of spheroplasts to acid-fast forms encourage further studies of the possibility of a complex association of mycobacteria and Crohn's disease.

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“…The most likely mechanism of CWDforms formation seems to be the lytic activity of lysozyme within phagolysozomes after phagocytosis of mycobacteria by macrophages (Willett and Thacore, 1966;Gerasimov et al, 2003).…”

Section: Formation Of Cwd-forms Of Mycobacteria In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell wall deficient forms of mycobacteria: a review

Beran¹,

Havelková²,

Kaustová³

et al. 2006

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Cell wall deficient (CWD)-forms or L-forms of bacteria are characterized by a complete or partial loss of cell wall components and by the change of cellular shape. CWD-forms (spheroplasts) of bacteria are commonly prepared in vitro and are used for various practical applications. However, very little is known about the conditions required for the formation of CWD-forms of bacteria and mycobacteria in vivo and their significance in aetiology of various chronic diseases of humans (tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and Crohn's disease) and animals (paratuberculosis). It is quite difficult to detect CWD-forms of mycobacteria in biological material and the possibilities of their detection by microscopy, culture, DNA hybridization techniques and other methods are limited. This obviously leads to a relatively small amount of published data on the detection and the isolation of CWD-forms of mycobacteria both from human or veterinary biological material, which can lead to the conclusion of a non-infectious origin of the diseases. The present review also includes studies performed by authors from the former Soviet Union and likely represents the first complete summarization of their knowledge in this sphere. However, certain results may be viewed as somewhat controversial. Accordingly, more attention should be paid to the research of cell wall deficient forms, not only in association with chronic and latent mycobacterial infections.Keywords: protoplasts; antituberculotics; reversion; intestine; respiratory tract; basilar tuberculosis; skin tuberculosis; lymph node; Johne's disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex; Mycobacterium avium complex; zoonoses; food safety List of abbreviations: AFR = acid-fast rods; AG = arabinogalactan; AT = antituberculotics; BCG = Bacillus Calmette-Guerin; CFU = colony forming units; CWD-forms = cell wall deficient forms; DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid; E = ethambutol; ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; EM = electron microscopy; GPL = glycopeptidolipids; H = isoniazid; HEYM = Herrold's egg yolk medium; HPC = hexadecylpyridinium chloride (N-cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate); LAM = lipoarabinomannan; LOS = extractable glycolipids; M. = Mycobacterium; MIC = minimum inhibition concentration; M7H9 = Middlebrook 7H9; PAS = para-amino-salycilic acid; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; PGL = phenolic glycolipids; pv. = pseudovar; R = rifampicin; RFLP = restriction fragment lenght polymorphism; SDS PAGE = sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; S = streptomycin; TSB = tryptic soy broth; Z = pyrazinamide; ZN = Ziehl-Neelsen

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The Induction by Lysozyme of an L-Type Growth in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Mycobacterium

Mycobacterium

Progress in culture and subculture of spheroplasts and fastidious acid-fast bacilli isolated from intestinal tissues

Cell wall deficient forms of mycobacteria: a review

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