The influence of anaesthesia on the tensile properties of spider silk

Pérez‐Rigueiro, José; Calafat, Manuel Elices; Plaza, Gustavo R.; Real, J. I.; Guinea, Gustavo V.

doi:10.1242/jeb.02009

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among them, the mechanical properties of the species Ancylometes bogotensis, Ceratogyrus marshalli, Linothele fallax and Phoneutria fera were absent in the literature. The other species analyzed in this work presented mechanical properties comparable with those in the literature [32][33][34]. Furthermore, for the first time we report the Weibull parameters for these nine species.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks

Greco

Pugno

2020

Molecules

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Spider silks present extraordinary mechanical properties, which have attracted the attention of material scientists in recent decades. In particular, the strength and the toughness of these protein-based materials outperform the ones of many man-made fibers. Unfortunately, despite the huge interest, there is an absence of statistical investigation on the mechanical properties of spider silks and their related size effects due to the length of the fibers. Moreover, several spider silks have never been mechanically tested. Accordingly, in this work, we measured the mechanical properties and computed the Weibull parameters for different spider silks, some of them unknown in the literature. We also measured the mechanical properties at different strain rates for the dragline of the species Cupiennius salei. For the same species, we measured the strength and Weibull parameters at different fiber lengths. In this way, we obtained the spider silk scaling laws directly and according to Weibull’s prediction. Both length and strain rates affect the mechanical properties of spider silk, as rationalized by Weibull’s statistics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks

Greco

Pugno

2020

Molecules

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“…Tensile curves in Figure show different types of behavior, from stifftypical of most FS fibersto compliant ones, spanning the whole range of natural fibers, though all of the fibers were obtained by the forced silking procedure described in the section above. The possibility of obtaining different kinds of fiber by forced silkingeven resembling natural oneswas demonstrated in previous papers by the authors. , In this work, four silking processes with different spinning stresses were considered, aiming at obtaining silk fibers with different tensile properties. The color code and markers in Figure identify fibers from the same silking process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of obtaining different kinds of fiber by forced silkingseven resembling natural onesswas demonstrated in previous papers by the authors. 16,20 In this work, four silking processes with different spinning stresses were considered, aiming at obtaining silk fibers with different tensile properties. The color code and markers in Figure 3 identify fibers from the same silking process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volume Constancy during Stretching of Spider Silk

Pérez‐Rigueiro

Plaza

et al. 2006

Biomacromolecules

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The characterization of silk properties requires a reliable measurement of stress-strain curves from tensile tests, which calls for a detailed analysis of what is considered the cross section of the sample and how it varies during the experiments. Here, spider silk fibers from the major ampullate gland (MAS) of Argiope trifasciata spiders are tensile tested, and the cross-sectional area is measured under different strained configurations. It has been found that the fiber volume remains practically constant during stretching, and deformation proceeds homogeneously in all the fibers. The conservation of volume is validated independently of the type of fiber and the strain level. This result, applied to compute true stress-strain curves for different MAS fibers, shows that the description of their properties depends noticeably on which set of tensile parameters is chosen (true or engineering), and that engineering values could lead to misinterpretation of experiments that combine results from different strain ranges.

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“…The progressive fibril ruptures give rise to the fluctuations of the predicted stress-strain curves in Figure 4 , which is a common feature in experimental silk tensile testing [ 29 , 44 ]. Studies dealing with Argiope trifasciata fibres report fracture surfaces that do not show voids and cracks at the skin-core interface [ 36 , 39 ].…”

Section: Predicting Fracture and Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensegrity Modelling and the High Toughness of Spider Dragline Silk

et al. 2020

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This work establishes a tensegrity model of spider dragline silk. Tensegrity systems are ubiquitous in nature, being able to capture the mechanics of biological shapes through simple and effective modes of deformation via extension and contraction. Guided by quantitative microstructural characterization via air plasma etching and low voltage scanning electron microscopy, we report that this model is able to capture experimentally observed phenomena such as the Poisson effect, tensile stress-strain response, and fibre toughness. This is achieved by accounting for spider silks’ hierarchical organization into microfibrils with radially variable properties. Each fibril is described as a chain of polypeptide tensegrity units formed by crystalline granules operating under compression, which are connected to each other by amorphous links acting under tension. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that a radial variability in the ductility of tensegrity chains is responsible for high fibre toughness, a defining and desirable feature of spider silk. Based on this model, a discussion about the use of graded tensegrity structures for the optimal design of next-generation biomimetic fibres is presented.

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The influence of anaesthesia on the tensile properties of spider silk

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks

Mechanical Properties and Weibull Scaling Laws of Unknown Spider Silks

Volume Constancy during Stretching of Spider Silk

Tensegrity Modelling and the High Toughness of Spider Dragline Silk

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