The influence of antenna height on microwave propagation in evaporation duct

Wang, Shuwen; Han, Je-Chin; Shi, Yang; Yang, Kunde; Huang, C. H.; Yang, Fan

doi:10.1109/ieeeconf38699.2020.9389404

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Evaporation ducts can be divided into three states, i.e., stable, neutral, and unstable states. Particularly, when the air-sea temperature difference (ASTD) is < 0, it is an unstable state; when the ASTD is > 0, it is a stable state; when the ASTD is = 0, it is a neutral state (Wang et al, 2020). Herein, we mainly studied the influence of relative humidity on electromagnetic propagation in stable and unstable states.…”

Section: Influence Of Relative Humidity On Electromagnetic Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of code division multiplexing communication under evaporation duct environment

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Signal Process.

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The evaporation duct is an effective means for realizing non-line-of-sight (NLOS) wireless transmission over the sea. However, the effects of marine weather conditions on electromagnetic propagation have rarely been studied. In this study, the influence of the marine atmospheric environment on electromagnetic propagation was analyzed through numerical simulation. Additionally, the impacts of antenna height, transmission distance, and electromagnetic wave frequency on path loss were studied. Finally, the link capacity of the code division multiplexing (CDM) communication system in the evaporation duct environment was studied via numerical analysis and simulations. Simulation results demonstrated that CDM communication technology can improve the link capacity under an evaporation duct compared with that of the spread-spectrum communication technology.

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Section: Influence Of Relative Humidity On Electromagnetic Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of code division multiplexing communication under evaporation duct environment

Liu

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Signal Process.

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“…Shi et al (2019) presented the frequency response of an evaporation duct channel measured in the South China Sea along a 149-km-long propagation path in 2014. Wang et al (2020) studied the influence of antenna height on microwave propagation in an evaporation duct. Wang et al (2022a) reported observations of anomalous over-the-horizon EM propagation of a 53-km-long link in evaporation ducts induced by typhoon Kompasu (202118).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term over-the-horizon microwave channel measurements and statistical analysis in evaporation ducts over the Yellow Sea

et al. 2023

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Maritime high-speed over-the-horizon wireless communication is realizable through evaporation ducts. Detailed measurement, analysis, and modeling of duct channels are essential for application of this communication technique. In this paper, X-band electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation systems were developed and deployed for a 133-km over-the-horizon microwave link in coastal areas of the Yellow Sea. The propagation length was 7.7 times the line-of-sight length. Measurement results including the path loss (PL) and meteorological data were obtained during a 54-day period in autumn 2021. The long-term channel results were analyzed on the basis of statistical analysis and model simulations. Results showed that our measurement system, with a maximum measurable power loss of 200 dB, had connected with a probability of 56.2% during the measurement period. Model simulation showed that evaporation duct environments are not ideal in autumn, with an average evaporation duct height (EDH) of 10.6 m. The land breeze in autumn introduced dry and cold air to the link, which could promote evaporation of seawater and reduce PL by approximately 40 dB. Annual spatiotemporal characteristics of EDH showed that evaporation ducts are most suitable for over-the-horizon communication in spring, especially May.

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Measurements and Analysis of Maritime Wireless Channel at 8 GHz in the South China Sea Region

Zhang

Wang

Shi

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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The influence of antenna height on microwave propagation in evaporation duct

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Performance analysis of code division multiplexing communication under evaporation duct environment

Performance analysis of code division multiplexing communication under evaporation duct environment

Long-term over-the-horizon microwave channel measurements and statistical analysis in evaporation ducts over the Yellow Sea

Measurements and Analysis of Maritime Wireless Channel at 8 GHz in the South China Sea Region

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