The influence of carbon black on the extrusion characteristics and rheological properties of elastomers: Polybutadiene and butadiene–styrene copolymer

Abstract

SynopsisAn experimental study of the influence of carbon black loading, particle size, and structure on the extrusion characteristics of polybutadiene and butadienestyrene copolymer synthetic rubber is described. The development of extrudate distortion and its mechanisms are considered. The viscosity and die swell have been related to black loading, particle size, and structure. Generally, it is found that black surface area and structure acts to increase viscosity and decrease elastic memory. This situation is analyzed in terms of the theory of nonlinear viscoelasticity. Two mechanistic theories are described which may explain this behavior. One theory is based on the continuum mechanics analysis of suspensions of particles in viscoelastic media. The rheological behavior of the black compounds is explained in terms of the increased severity of deformation in the polymer matrix surrounding the particle agglomerates. The second theory is based on the view of an entanglement network containing black particles. Polymer chains may be adsorbed onto the surface giving rise to increased entanglement densities.

Characterization of a fiber reinforced semirigid liquid crystalline polymer

“…sions 20 on the rheological properties of filled polymeric systems. Moreover, whereas diameter and PROCESSING adhesion are not dependent on the processing, the length of the fibers can decrease during the comThe torque during mixing is a measure of the pounding.…”

“…The E-type glass fibers, topic, [10][11][12][13][14] and recently a complete characterization GF, produced by Vetrotex, were 10 Ȑm in diameter of a semirigid LCP filled with different inorganic with a length-to-diameter ratio of about 450. fillers has been presented. 15 All the mechanical propFilled polymer samples (20,40, and 60 wt/wt% erties are significantly improved, except for the elonof fibers) were prepared using a Brabender Plasgation at the break, and the enhancement of the ticorder mod. PLE 330 equipped with a mixing tensile properties increases with increasing the filler chamber.…”

Filled polymers: Mechanical properties and processability

“…This is what is really observed when dispersed fillers are added to polymer [182,190,193,194]. The rubber phase in heat resistant polystyrene behaves much like a dispersed filler: it also diminishes the inlet correction [195].…”

“…The effective critical stress rcr (or critical volumetric flow rate Q,r) at which the "separation" occurs reduces as the filler concentration in the system is increased, but the reduction is insignificant. An early separation of a flow of ash-filled rubber was observed in [193] but there has been no study of the influence of different factors on this behavior. A separated flow has also been reported for filled PVC [210].…”

Rod‐climbing characteristics of α‐Fe2O3 suspended polyisobutylene/polybutene solution

“…It also indicates that the shear viscosity increases with polymer concentration, which is similar to a typical particle-suspended polymer solution. 22 However, in contrast to typical particle-suspended polymer solutions or melts, ␣-Fe 2 O 3 suspended-particle systems show that the N 1 increases with particle concentration (not shown here). In general, it is known that the addition of inert solid particles to a polymer decreases the melt elasticity; that is, the N 1 decreases as the filler concentration increases.…”