The influence of clerkship on students’ stigma towards mental illness: a meta-analysis

Petkari, Eleni; Gutiérrez, Ana Isabel Masedo; Xavier, Miguel; Moreno-Küstner, Berta

doi:10.1111/medu.13548

Cited by 51 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…By virtue of the same tendency, high-openness individuals might experience fewer barriers to or fear from a close-contact experience with patients affected by mental illness and might exhibit lower levels of prejudice related to mental illness. Considering that prejudice can be reliably related to some personality traits more than others (16–18) and, therefore, it might be tendentially less present in those projecting themselves in a psychiatric career, related research has highlighted how stigmatizing attitudes about persons affected by mental illness may influence medical students’ view and choice of psychiatry as a medical specialty (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research shows that, within the medical profession, psychiatry is viewed as lacking scientific basis and as not being medical enough (2, 26, 27). Increasingly healthcare professionals, including doctors and medical students, are identified as significant sources of prejudice and discrimination (19, 28–33). Medical students in particular likely view people with mental illnesses as unpredictable, dangerous, and untreatable, while they express distancing attitudes toward them (34–36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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There Is a Limit to Your Openness: Mental Illness Stigma Mediates Effects of Individual Traits on Preference for Psychiatry Specialty

et al. 2019

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Objective: The widening gap between the need for mental health professionals and the low percentages of medical students pursuing a psychiatric career urges an examination of how individual traits, stigma attitudes, and related intended behaviors interact to better explain the variance in preferences for psychiatry as a specialty choice. Methods: Participants were second-year, preclinical medical students at Bologna University, Italy. The study consisted in completion of an online questionnaire evaluating preferences for the psychiatry specialty (one single item and a scenario-based response), personality traits (the Big Five Questionnaire), attitudes (Mental Illness for Clinicians’ Attitude scale), behaviors (Reported and Intended Behavior Scale), and fears toward mental illness (questionnaire created ad hoc). Sociodemographic data were also collected. Results: A total of 284 medical students [58.8% female, mean (SD) age 20.47 ± 1.90] completed the questionnaire. Preference for the psychiatry specialty was significantly and positively associated with openness to experience and negatively related with Mental Illness for Clinicians’ Attitude scale and Reported and Intended Behavior Scale. The full-mediation model provided good indices explaining 18% of the variance. Mental illness stigma was strongly and negatively associated with both openness to experience and preference for psychiatry, and the mediation results evidenced a positive and significant effect. Conclusions: Mental illness stigma influences medical students’ choice of psychiatry as a specialty, accounting for the effects of the openness to experience trait. Stigma awareness and reduction programs should be introduced as early as possible in medical education.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

There Is a Limit to Your Openness: Mental Illness Stigma Mediates Effects of Individual Traits on Preference for Psychiatry Specialty

et al. 2019

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“…In the past years, research about stigma in health students in Portugal has demonstrated the need for stigma reduction intervention in this group of students (Querido, Tomás, & Carvalho, 2016). Anti-stigma specific education (Gil, 2015;Telles-Correia, Marques, Gramaça, & Sampaio, 2015), clerkship (Petkari, Masedo Gutierrez, Xavier, & Moreno Kustner, 2018)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between stigmatizing attitudes towards depression and help seeking attitudes in college students

Conceição

Rothes

Gusmão

2020

Preprint

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Background: College years represent a critical phase on young peoples lives, consequently the increasing of mental illness risk can not be ignored. Depression stigma has been considered a significant barrier both in treatment, rehabilitation, and help-seeking behaviours of people diagnosed with depression. With this study we aimed to understand the effects of age, gender, previous health care and PHQ-4 scores on depression stigma, and to analyze the effects of depression stigma on help-seeking attitudes. Methods: A total of 969 participants with a mean age of 18.87 (SD=1.49) ranging between 16 and 25 were included in this study and completed the DSS, the Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help, the General help-Seeking questionnaire, the PHQ-9 questionnaire and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.0. Results: Gender and previous experience with mental health care services are significant predictors of stigma and help-seeking attitudes. Personal stigma has a significant effect on help-seeking attitudes. PHQ-4 scores play a role on personal depression stigma and on perceived stigma, however no direct effect from PHQ-4 on help-seeking attitudes was detected. Conclusions: Personal depression stigma has an important effect on help-seeking attitudes. Literacy promotion may decrease personal depression stigma and increase professional help seeking intensions.

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“…However, the ongoing global recruitment crisis in psychiatry (Brown andRyland, 2019, Choudry andFarooq, 2017;Crabb et al 2017;Maidment et al, 2003;Rajagopal et al, 2004), means that adequate workforce planning and retention is essential to ensure that evidence based care and treatment can be effectively delivered. Early exposure to psychiatry through experiential learning in medical school is shown to increase positive attitudes towards and interest in psychiatry as a career choice (Economou et al, 2017;Warnke et al, 2017;Petkari et al, 2018). To achieve this, however, psychiatry may require a higher profile in medical curricula, perhaps even placed as an equal partner alongside medicine and surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repositioning Psychiatry in Medical School Curricula: a study of medical students’ attitudes

Quinn¹,

Hegde²,

Langan-Martin³

2020

MedEdPublish

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Amidst the ongoing global recruitment crisis in psychiatry there are compelling reasons to rethink the approach to, and the content and structure of, educational and experiential opportunities for medical students and foundation doctors. Medical students' attitudes to mental illness and psychiatry have been a topic of interest for many decades. The literature identifies the undergraduate years as pivotal in the formation of attitudes towards psychiatry and it has been suggested that medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry worsen as they progress through undergraduate education. The aim of this study was to explore University of Glasgow medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry and possible reasons for not choosing psychiatry as a viable career option. An electronic survey was emailed to all medical students in October 2017. A response rate of 24.5% (N=324) was achieved which was representative across year groups one to five. The findings identified generally positive attitudes towards psychiatry as a specialty. However, year group analysis demonstrated a declining level of interest in pursuing psychiatry as a career choice. Negative attitudes towards psychiatry clustered in common themes, namely: stigmatised views about psychiatry and people with mental illness; perceived limited exposure to psychiatry in the curriculum and for experiential learning opportunities. This paper proposes that enhanced coverage of, and exposure to, psychiatry in undergraduate and postgraduate training may provide avenues into reducing negative attitudes towards psychiatry within medicine. This in turn may support national campaigns to 'rebrand' psychiatry and reinvigorate the psychiatry core trainee (CT) supply chain.

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The influence of clerkship on students’ stigma towards mental illness: a meta-analysis

Abstract: The robust effect of clerkship on students' stigma of mental illness established by the present meta-analysis highlights its role as a crucial curriculum component for experiential learning and as a necessary agent for the battle against stigma.

Cited by 51 publications

References 54 publications

There Is a Limit to Your Openness: Mental Illness Stigma Mediates Effects of Individual Traits on Preference for Psychiatry Specialty

There Is a Limit to Your Openness: Mental Illness Stigma Mediates Effects of Individual Traits on Preference for Psychiatry Specialty

The association between stigmatizing attitudes towards depression and help seeking attitudes in college students

Repositioning Psychiatry in Medical School Curricula: a study of medical students’ attitudes

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