The influence of drinking-water pollution with heavy metal on the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in mice by real-time polymerase chain reaction

Radbin, Rayhaneh; Vahedi, Fatemeh; Chamani, Jamshidkhan

doi:10.1007/s10616-013-9626-7

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Radbin et al (2014) investigated the influence of Pb and Cu on the expression of IFNγ and interleukin 4 (IL-4) [ 44 ], and for this purpose, adult BALB/c mice were given a solution of Cu(NO 3 ) 2 at 2 mg/L or Pb(NO 3 ) 2 at 0.3 mg/L. After 15 days of the experiment, spleen samples were collected from the mice to determine the expression of IL-4 and IFNγ genes.…”

Section: The Effect Of Pb On Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation

Metryka

Chibowska

Gutowska

et al. 2018

IJMS

165

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The human immune system is constantly exposed to xenobiotics and pathogens from the environment. Although the mechanisms underlying their influence have already been at least partially recognized, the effects of some factors, such as lead (Pb), still need to be clarified. The results of many studies indicate that Pb has a negative effect on the immune system, and in our review, we summarize the most recent evidence that Pb can promote inflammatory response. We also discuss possible molecular and biochemical mechanisms of its proinflammatory action, including the influence of Pb on cytokine metabolism (interleukins IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-1b, IL-6), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); the activity and expression of enzymes involved in the inflammatory process (cyclooxygenases); and the effect on selected acute phase proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin. We also discuss the influence of Pb on the immune system cells (T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, Langerhans cells) and the secretion of IgA, IgE, IgG, histamine, and endothelin.

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Section: The Effect Of Pb On Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, that increase was more significant in the Pb group. IL-4 gene expression increased in the group of animals receiving Cu, whereas in Pb-treated mice, the expression of this cytokine decreased [ 44 ].…”

Section: The Effect Of Pb On Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation

Metryka

Chibowska

Gutowska

et al. 2018

IJMS

165

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“…However, Radbin et al . () measured an increase in IFN‐γ expression after administration of copper‐enriched drinking water to mice. Further effects on cytokine release were reported by Scuderi ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effects of metal salts at sub‐toxic concentrations

Steinborn

Diegel

Garcia-Käufer

et al. 2016

J of Applied Toxicology

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Because different metals are used in complementary medicine for the treatment of diseases related to a dysfunction of the immune system, this study aimed at determining the immunomodulatory potential of Pb(NO ) , AuCl , Cu(NO ) , HgCl , AgNO , SnCl , AsCl and SbCl at sub-toxic concentrations and at assessing possible toxic side effects of low-concentrated metal preparations. The influence of the metal salts on primary human mononuclear cells was analyzed by measuring cell viability using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt assay, apoptosis and necrosis induction by annexin V/propidium iodide staining and proliferation by carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester staining and flow cytometry. Effects on T-cell activation were assessed with CD69 and CD25 expression using flow cytometry whereas CD83, CD86 and CD14 expression was measured to evaluate the influence on dendritic cell maturation. Alterations of interleukin-2 and interferon-γ secretion were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and genotoxic effects were analyzed using the comet assay. At sub-toxic concentrations retardation of T-cell proliferation was caused by Pb(NO ) , AuCl and Cu(NO ) and inhibitory effects on interleukin-2 secretion were measured after incubation with Pb(NO ) , AuCl , Cu(NO ) , HgCl and AsCl Cu(NO ) had immunosuppressive activity at dosages within the serum reference range for copper. All other metal salts showed effects at dosages above upper serum limits of normal. Therefore, only low-concentrated copper preparations are promising to have immunomodulatory potential. Toxic side effects of metal preparations used in complementary medicine are improbable because upper limits of metals set in the drinking water ordinance are either not exceeded or the duration of their application is limited. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The animals displayed upregulation of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), a homodimeric glycoprotein produced by activated T, B, and NK cells, in the spleen of both treated groups, while interlukin-4 (IL-4), a TH2 cytokine secreted by activated TH2 and NKT cells and a potent inducer for of CD4 + naive T cell differentiation into TH2 effector cells, was only upregulated in the Cu-treated group and downregulated in the Pb-treated group Pb. Thus, both Pb and Cu significantly altered natural cytokine balance, which may lead to negative immune effects (Radbin et al 2014).…”

Section: Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking water pollutants may affect the immune system: concerns regarding COVID-19 health effects

Quinete

Hauser‐Davis

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The current coronavirus pandemic is leading to significant impacts on the planet, changing our way of life. Although the COVID-19 virus mechanisms of action and pathogenesis are still under extensive research, immune system effects are evident, leading, in many cases, to respiratory distress. Although apparent pollution reduction has been noticed by the population, environmental and human health impacts due to the increased use of plastic waste and disinfectants is concerning. One of the main routes of human exposure to pollutants is through drinking water. Thus, this point of view discusses some major contaminants in drinking water known to be immunotoxic, exploring sources and drinking water routes and emphasizing the known mechanisms of action that could likely compromise the effective immune response of humans, particularly raising concerns regarding people exposed to the COVID-19 virus. Based on a literature review, metals, plastic components, plasticizers, and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances may display the potential to exacerbate COVID-19 respiratory symptoms, although epidemiological studies are still required to confirm the synergistic effects between these pollutants and the virus.

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The influence of drinking-water pollution with heavy metal on the expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ in mice by real-time polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation

Lead (Pb) Exposure Enhances Expression of Factors Associated with Inflammation

Immunomodulatory effects of metal salts at sub‐toxic concentrations

Drinking water pollutants may affect the immune system: concerns regarding COVID-19 health effects

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