The influence of emission control on particle number size distribution and new particle formation during China's V-Day parade in 2015

Shen, Xiaojing; Sun, Jie; Zhang, X.Y.; Zhang, Y.M.; Zhang, L.; Fan, Ruxia; Zhang, Z.X.; Zhang, X.L.; Zhou, Huaigang; Zhou, Luqian; Dong, Fan; Shi, Qinren

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.085

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Huang D. W. Wang et al, 2014;Shen et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2012). The actual role of RH on NPF is still controversial.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Lv¹,

Sui²,

Chen³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. To date, few comprehensive field observations of new particle formation (NPF) have been carried out at mountaintop sites in China. In this study, simultaneous measurements of particle size distribution, trace gases, meteorological parameters, and mass concentration and chemical composition of PM 2.5 were performed at the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m a.s.l.) from 25 July to 24 August 2014 (Phase I), 21 September to 9 December 2014 (Phase II), and 16 June to 7 August 2015 (Phase III) to investigate characteristics and favorable conditions of NPF in a relatively clean mountaintop environment. The NPF events were identified based on particle size distribution measured by the neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS), and 66 such events were observed during a period of 164 days -corresponding to an occurrence frequency of 40 %. The formation rates of 3 nm particles (J 3 ) and growth rates were in the ranges of 0.82-25.04 cm −3 s −1 and 0.58-7.76 nm h −1 , respectively. On average, the condensation sink (CS), O 3 concentration, air temperature, and relative humidity were lower, whereas the SO 2 concentration was higher on NPF days than that on non-NPF days. The CS on Mt. Tai was at a low level and lower CS was critical for NPF. NPF events were common when wind came from the east-southeast and west-southwest, which was probably associated with relatively lower CS in the east-southeast and higher SO 2 concentration in the west-southwest. O 3 was not a governing factor for NPF in this study, and a high level of NO x concentration might be responsible for the decreased O 3 concentration on NPF days. Three categories of backward trajectories were classified, among which the continental air mass was the majority. The continental air mass passing through more polluted areas (denoted as Type I) favored NPF because of enhanced SO 2 concentration and potential ammonia with it. An in-depth analysis of SO 2 indicated that sulfuric acid was a dominant precursor on Mt. Tai; meanwhile, biogenic organics released from ambient forests in warm seasons and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emitted from domestic heating in cold seasons also promoted NPF.

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“…Huang D. W. Wang et al, 2014;Shen et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2012). The actual role of RH on NPF is still controversial.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Lv¹,

Sui²,

Chen³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The results are overall consistent, showing significant reductions in most aerosol and gaseous species during the control period (CP,. A recent study comparing the number size distributions with those during the same period in 2010-2013 at a rural site in Beijing illustrated the most reductions in accumulation-mode particles and condensation sink (CS) during the V-day period (Shen et al, 2016). Despite this, our understanding of the impacts of emission controls on particle number size distributions is far from complete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distributions at ground level and 260 m on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing, China

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Despite extensive studies into the characterization of particle number size distributions at ground level, realtime measurements above the urban canopy in the megacity of Beijing have never been performed to date. Here we conducted the first simultaneous measurements of size-resolved particle number concentrations at ground level and 260 m in urban Beijing from 22 August to 30 September. Our results showed overall similar temporal variations in number size distributions between ground level and 260 m, yet periods with significant differences were also observed. Particularly, accumulation-mode particles were highly correlated (r 2 = 0.85) at the two heights, while Aitken-mode particles presented more differences. Detailed analysis suggests that the vertical differences in number concentrations strongly depended on particle size, and particles with a mobility diameter between 100 and 200 nm generally showed higher concentrations at higher altitudes. Particle growth rates and condensation sinks were also calculated, which were 3.2 and 3.6 nm h −1 , and 2.8 × 10 −2 and 2.9 × 10 −2 s −1 , at ground level and 260 m, respectively. By linking particle growth with aerosol composition, we found that organics appeared to play an important role in the early stage of the growth (09:00-12:00 LT) while sulfate was also important during the later period. Positive matrix factorization of size-resolved number concentrations identified three common sources at ground level and 260 m, including a factor associated with new particle formation and growth events (NPEs), and two secondary factors that represent photochemical processing and regional transport. Cooking emission was found to have a large contribution to small particles and showed much higher concentration at ground level than 260 m in the evening. These results imply that investigation of NPEs at ground level in megacities needs to consider the influences of local cooking emissions. The impacts of regional emission controls on particle number concentrations were also illustrated. Our results showed that regional emission controls have a dominant impact on accumulation-mode particles by decreasing gas precursors and particulate matter loadings, and hence suppressing particle growth. In contrast, the influences on Aitken particles were much smaller due to the enhanced new particle formation (NPF) events.

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. Mönkkönen et al, 2005;Shen et al, 2016aShen et al, , 2016bWang et al, 2013;Wehner et al, 2004b). High levels of gas-phase precursors in China can result in significant SOA formation, which can contribute to severe haze events that are often dominated by accumulation mode particles (Huang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sub-micron Urban Aerosol Number Psds In Asia: Factors Contrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Aerosol Size Distributions: A Global Perspective

Wu¹,

Boor²

2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Urban aerosol measurements are necessary to establish associations between air pollution and human health outcomes and to evaluate the efficacy of air quality legislation and emissions standards. The measurement of urban aerosol particle size distributions (PSDs) is of particular importance as they enable for characterization of size-dependent processes that govern a particle’s transport, transformation, and fate in the urban atmosphere. PSDs also improve our ability to link air pollution to health effects through evaluation of particle deposition in the respiratory system and inhalation toxicity. To provide guidance for the evolution of urban aerosol observations, this paper reviews and critically analyzes the current state-of-knowledge on urban aerosol PSD measurements by synthesizing n = 793 PSD observations made between 1998 to 2017 in n = 125 cities in n = 51 countries around the globe. Significant variations in the shape and magnitude of urban aerosol number and mass PSDs were identified among different geographical regions. In general, number PSDs in Europe (EU), North America, Australia, and New Zealand (NAAN) are dominated by nucleation and Aitken mode particles. PSDs in Central, South, and Southeast Asia (CSSA) and East Asia (EA) are shifted to larger sizes, with a meaningful contribution from the accumulation mode. Urban mass PSDs are typically bi-modal, presenting a dominant peak in the accumulation mode and a secondary peak in the coarse mode. Most PSD observations published in the literature are short-term, with only 14 % providing data for longer than six months. There is a paucity of PSDs measured in Africa (AF), CSSA, Latin America (LA), and West Asia (WA), demonstrating the need for long-term aerosol measurements across wide size ranges in many cities around the globe. Inter-region variations in PSDs have important implications for population exposure, driving large differences in the urban aerosol inhaled deposited dose rate received in each region of the human respiratory system. Similarly, inter-region variations in the shape of PSDs impact the penetration of urban aerosols through filters in building ventilation systems, which serve as an important interface between the outdoor and indoor atmospheres. Geographical variations in urban aerosol effective densities were also reviewed. Size-resolved urban aerosol effective density functions from 3 to 10 000 nm were established for different geographical regions and intra-city sampling locations in order to accurately translate number PSDs to mass PSDs, with significant variations observed between near-road and urban background sites. The results of this critical review demonstrate that global initiatives are urgently needed to develop infrastructure for routine and long-term monitoring of urban aerosol PSDs spanning the nucleation to coarse modes. Doing so will advance our understanding of spatiotemporal trends in urban PSDs throughout the world and provide a foundation to more reliably elucidate the impact of urban aerosols on atmospheric processes, human health, and climate.

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The influence of emission control on particle number size distribution and new particle formation during China's V-Day parade in 2015

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distributions at ground level and 260 m on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing, China

Urban Aerosol Size Distributions: A Global Perspective

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The influence of emission control on particle number size distribution and new particle formation during China's V-Day parade in 2015

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Investigation of new particle formation at the summit of Mt. Tai, China

Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distributions at ground level and 260 m on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing, China

Urban Aerosol Size Distributions: A Global Perspective

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Product

Resources

About

Simultaneous measurements of particle number size distributions at ground level and 260 m on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing, China