The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

Zhang, Jiankai; Tian, Wenshou; Wang, Ziwei; Xie, Fei; Wang, Feiyang

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-14-00615.1

Cited by 70 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to examine the trend of the geopotential height and the large-scale dynamical processes responsible for such a trend. Figure 4a shows the differences of geopotential height and horizontal winds Zhang et al 2015). It should be pointed out that the above mentioned large-scale dynamical processes affecting TCO are also presented in the LOTM.…”

Section: Zonally Asymmetric Ozone Trend and Its Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Indeed, many previous studies have demonstrated the important role of planetary waves in modulating ZAO variations (e.g. Peters and Entzian 1999;Peters et al 2008;Efstathiou et al 2003;Hio and Yoden 2004;Grytsai et al 2005;Gabriel et al 2011;Ialongo et al 2012;Zhang et al 2015) and have proposed that the planetary waves of tropospheric origin could affect TCO through tropopause height modulations and stratosphere-troposphere exchange processes. Nevertheless, whether and to what extent planetary wave changes exert an influence on the zonally asymmetric TCO trend in the past 30 years remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

et al. 2018

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Using various satellite-based observations, a linear ozone transport model (LOTM), a chemistry-climate model (WACCM3) and an offline chemical transport model (SLIMCAT), zonally asymmetric trends of the total column ozone (TCO) in the northern middle latitudes during winter for the period 1979-2015 are analyzed and factors responsible for the trends are diagnosed. The results reveal that there are significant negative TCO trends over the North Pacific and positive TCO trends over the northwestern North America. The zonally asymmetric TCO trends are mainly contributed by the trends in partial column ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) which are closely related to the long-term changes of geopotential height in the troposphere. Furthermore, the trends of geopontential height in the UTLS are mainly modulated by pattern changes in the Arctic Oscillation (AO), the Cold Ocean-Warm Land (COWL) and the North Pacific (NP) index. Accordingly, the zonally asymmetric TCO trends can be largely reconstructed by the trends of the above three teleconnection patterns. Sea surface temperature (SST) changes over the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean can also exert a significant contribution to the zonally asymmetric TCO trends through their influence on the COWL and NP patterns. In addition, chemical ozone loss partially offsets the positive trends in zonal TCO anomalies over Central Siberia and enhances the positive TCO trends over northwestern North America. However, the contribution of chemical processes to the zonally asymmetric TCO trends is relatively smaller than that of dynamical transport effects. Interpreting the zonally asymmetric TCO trends and their responsible factors would be helpful for accurately predicting the stratospheric ozone return date in the northern middle latitudes.

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Section: Zonally Asymmetric Ozone Trend and Its Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

et al. 2018

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“…However, it is not known whether the impact of ASO extends to the tropics, for example, to influence the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a major climatic mode of tropical variability (e.g., Jin 1996, Timmermann et al 1999, Ashok and Yamagata 2009, Latif and Keenlyside 2009, Yeh et al 2009) that has great global climatic and societal impacts (e.g., Orlove et al 2000, McPhaden et al 2006, Deser et al 2010. It is well known that ENSO can influence tropical ozone through anomalous convection (Camp et al 2003, Xie et al 2014 and the high-latitude stratospheric ozone (Bȑonnimann et al 2004, Eyring et al 2006, Zhang et al 2015 through anomalous propagation and dissipation of ultra-long Rossby waves at mid-latitudes (Gettelman et al 2001, Calvo et al 2004, Manzini et al 2006, Garfinkel and Hartmann 2008, Randel et al 2009, Hurwitz et al 2011, Xie et al 2012. Figure 1 shows the lead-lag correlation coefficients at three-monthly intervals between the ENSO index and zonally averaged ozone, for ENSO variations leading ozone by 3 months to lagging ozone by 24 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A connection from Arctic stratospheric ozone to El Niño-Southern oscillation

Xie

Tian

et al. 2016

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion is thought to influence the Southern Hemisphere tropospheric climate. Recently, Arctic stratospheric ozone (ASO) variations have been found to affect the middle-high latitude tropospheric climate in the Northern Hemisphere. This paper demonstrates that the impact of ASO can extend to the tropics, with the ASO variations leading El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events by about 20 months. Using observations, analysis, and simulations, the connection between ASO and ENSO is established by combining the high-latitude stratosphere to troposphere pathway with the extratropical to tropical climate teleconnection. This shows that the ASO radiative anomalies influence the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), and the anomalous NPO and induced Victoria Mode anomalies link to the North Pacific circulation that then influences ENSO. Our results imply that incorporating realistic and time-varying ASO into climate system models may help to improve ENSO predictions.

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“…The leading global mode of interannual variability in the transport is the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) pattern (Zhang et al, 1997). The impact of ENSO on tropical and extratropical tropospheric ozone has been detected from satellite observations (Ziemke et al, 2010(Ziemke et al, , 2015 and is captured by global models (Oman et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2015), but has not been observed at the surface. However, the ability of models of atmospheric composition to correctly respond to this large-scale forcing may be a critical test of their performance.…”

Section: Climate-chemistry Modes Of Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

How to most effectively expand the global surface ozone observing network

2016

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Abstract. Surface ozone observations with modern instrumentation have been made around the world for more than 40 years. Some of these observations have been made as oneoff activities with short-term, specific science objectives and some have been made as part of wider networks which have provided a foundational infrastructure of data collection, calibration, quality control, and dissemination. These observations provide a fundamental underpinning to our understanding of tropospheric chemistry, air quality policy, atmospherebiosphere interactions, etc. Sofen et al. (2016) brought together eight of these networks to provide a single data set of surface ozone observations. We investigate how representative this combined data set is of global surface ozone using the output from a global atmospheric chemistry model. We estimate that on an area basis, 25 % of the globe is observed (34 % land, 21 % ocean). Whereas Europe and North America have almost complete coverage, other continents, Africa, South America, Australia, and Asia (12-17 %) show significant gaps. Antarctica is surprisingly well observed (78 %). Little monitoring occurs over the oceans, with the tropical and southern oceans particularly poorly represented. The surface ozone over key biomes such as tropical forests and savanna is almost completely unmonitored. A chemical cluster analysis suggests that a significant number of observations are made of polluted air masses, but cleaner air masses whether over the land or ocean (especially again in the tropics) are significantly under-observed. The current network is unlikely to see the impact of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) but may be capable of detecting other planetaryscale signals. Model assessment and validation activities are hampered by a lack of observations in regions where the models differ substantially, as is the ability to monitor likely changes in surface ozone over the next century.Using our methodology we are able to suggest new sites which would help to close the gap in our ability to measure global surface ozone. An additional 20 surface ozone monitoring sites (a 20 % increase in the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO GAW) ozone sites or a 1 % increase in the total background network) located on 10 islands and in 10 continental regions would almost double the area observed. The cost of this addition to the network is small compared to other expenditure on atmospheric composition research infrastructure and would provide a significant long-term benefit to our understanding of the composition of the atmosphere, information which will also be available for consideration by air quality control managers and policy makers.

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The Influence of ENSO on Northern Midlatitude Ozone during the Winter to Spring Transition

Cited by 70 publications

References 86 publications

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

Zonally asymmetric trends of winter total column ozone in the northern middle latitudes

A connection from Arctic stratospheric ozone to El Niño-Southern oscillation

How to most effectively expand the global surface ozone observing network

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