The influence of environmental change over geological time on the tempo and mode of biological diversification, revealed by Neotropical butterflies

Ree, Richard H.

doi:10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100032

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“…A recent assessment of diversification rates in the tribe revealed that a clade of eight species in the genus experienced an extremely rapid and recent radiation (Chazot et al, 2017) in agreement with previous studies using mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and rapidly evolving microsatellite markers, that show little genetic differentiation among taxa of this clade (Dasmahapatra, Lamas, Simpson, & Mallet, 2010;Elias et al, 2007;McClure & Elias, 2017;Whinnett et al, 2005). The Melinaea of north-eastern Peru (San Martín and Loreto departments) are of particular interest for speciation studies, as multiple species, many consisting of different subspecies, are present and overlap in distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does divergent selection predict the evolution of mate preference and reproductive isolation in the tropical butterfly genus Melinaea (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini)?

McClure

Mahrouche

Houssin

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Many studies have shown that speciation can be facilitated when a trait under divergent selection also causes assortative mating. In Müllerian mimetic butterflies, a change in wing colour pattern can cause reproductive isolation. However, colour pattern divergence does not always lead to reproductive isolation. Understanding how divergent selection affects speciation requires identifying the mechanisms that promote mate preference and/or choosiness. This study addresses whether shifts in wing colour pattern drives mate preference and reproductive isolation in the tropical butterfly genus Melinaea (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini), and focuses on five taxa that form a speciation continuum, from subspecies to fully recognized species. Using genetic markers, wing colour pattern quantification, male pheromone characterization and behavioural assays of mating preference, we characterize the extent of genetic and phenotypic differentiation between taxa and compare it to the level of reproductive isolation. We show strong premating isolation between the closely related species M. satevis and M. marsaeus, in addition to genetic and phenotypic (colour pattern and pheromones) differentiation. By contrast, M. menophilus and M. marsaeus consist of pairs of subspecies that differ for colour pattern but that cannot be differentiated genetically. Pheromonal differentiation of subspecies was significant only for M. marsaeus, although most individuals were indistinguishable. Melinaea menophilus and M. marsaeus also differ in the strength of assortative mating, suggesting that mate preference has evolved only in M. marsaeus, consistent with selection against maladaptive offspring, as subspecific ‘hybrids’ of M. marsaeus have intermediate, non‐mimetic colour patterns, unlike those of M. menophilus which display either parental phenotypes. We conclude that a shift in colour pattern per se is not sufficient for reproductive isolation, but rather, the evolution of assortative mating may be caused by selection against maladaptive intermediate phenotypes. This study suggests that mate preference and assortative mating evolve when adaptive, and that even in the early stages of divergence, reproductive isolation can be nearly complete due to mating preferences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does divergent selection predict the evolution of mate preference and reproductive isolation in the tropical butterfly genus Melinaea (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini)?

McClure

Mahrouche

Houssin

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The influence of environmental change over geological time on the tempo and mode of biological diversification, revealed by Neotropical butterflies

Abstract: Cite as: Ree RH. 2017. The influence of environmental change over geological time on the tempo and mode of biological diversification, revealed by Neotropical butterflies.

Cited by 1 publication

References 2 publications

Does divergent selection predict the evolution of mate preference and reproductive isolation in the tropical butterfly genus Melinaea (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini)?

Does divergent selection predict the evolution of mate preference and reproductive isolation in the tropical butterfly genus Melinaea (Nymphalidae: Ithomiini)?

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