The Influence of Genetic Increases in Shank Width on Body Weight, Walking Ability, and Reproduction of Turkeys

Nestor, Karl E.; Bacon, Wayne L.; Ym, Saif; Renner, Philip A.

doi:10.3382/ps.0642248

Cited by 67 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The correlations between body weight and shank length and shank width were consistent with the ndings of Leeson and Summers (1984). Nestor et al (1985) reported that genetic increases in shank width resulted in an improvement in the walking ability of male turkeys. However in the present study, no correlation was observed between shank width and walking ability in broilers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Influence of dietary protein and sex on walking ability and bone parameters of broilers

Yalçın¹,

Settar²,

Dicle³

1998

British Poultry Science

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1. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary protein on the walking ability and bone parameters of broilers reared under summer temperatures which ranged from 26 degrees to 32 degrees C (+/- 2 degrees C). 2. Three different dietary protein combinations were used. The diets (per kg) were: low protein with 205 g crude protein and 12.94 MJ ME, 184 g crude protein and 12.75 MJ ME; medium protein with 219 g crude protein and 12.99 MJ ME, 201 g crude protein and 12.87 MJ ME; and high protein with 238 g crude protein and 12.99 MJ ME, 216 g crude protein and 12.96 MJ ME from 0 to 4 and 4 to 7 weeks of age, respectively. Body weights of birds were recorded and birds' walking ability (gait scoring) were scored for each bird, according to 3 categories (completely normal to immobile, at 4 and 7 weeks). Tibia parameters and tibia plateau angles were also determined at 7 weeks. 3. Birds fed on the low protein were lighter than those fed on the medium or high protein diets. At 7 weeks, birds with poor walking ability weighted 149 g less than birds with no walking difficulty. 4. Bone parameters were not affected by dietary protein, sex or gait score. There was a significantly positive correlation between bone strength and radiographic density. Bone strength was also significantly correlated with bone weight and length.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Influence of dietary protein and sex on walking ability and bone parameters of broilers

Yalçın¹,

Settar²,

Dicle³

1998

British Poultry Science

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“…The F and FM lines were essentially replicates of the F line, while body weight of the FL line was only slighdy lower than that of the F and FM lines. The interaction of L x S in body weight due to differences in female body weight between the F and FL lines, while no line differences existed in male body weight, was previously observed by Nestor et al (1985). Apparently genetic increases in shank width are associated with increased body weight in males but not females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The lines included: 1) a randombred control population formed in 1966 from the reciprocal crosses of two commercial strains (Nestor et al, 1969); 2) F line, a subline of RBC2 mass selected for 17 generations for increased 16-week body weight (Nestor, 1977a(Nestor, , 1984; 3) FL, a subline of F, mass selected for four generations of increased shank width at the narrowest point (dewclaw) (Nestor et al, 1985); and 4) FM, a subsample of F which was being selected for increased leg muscle. All lines have been maintained, utilizing a paired mating system (Nestor, 1977b) that involved 36 parental pairs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Genetic Increases in Body Weight and Shank Width on the Abdominal Fat Pad and Carcass Composition of Turkeys

1986

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Body composition of large-bodied turkey lines was compared to that of a randombred control population (RBC2) at 8, 16, and 20 weeks of age. The large-bodied lines included a line (F) selected for 17 generations for increased 16-week body weight, a subline (FL) of F selected for four generations for increased shank width, and a subsample (FM) of F in which a new line was being developed for increased amount of leg muscle. The F line originated from the RBC2 line. Body weights of F and FM lines were similar and slightly larger than that of the FL line. Body weight of the F, FL, and FM lines was much greater than body weight of the RBC2 line.The abdominal fat pad, based on actual weight and weight as a percentage of live weight, was similar in the three large-bodied lines. The values (91 to 98 g) for the large-bodied lines were about 2.5 times the values for the RBC2 (35 g), when based on actual weight, while the abdominal fat pad was about twice as large in the heavy lines (.94 to .95) as the RBC2 line (.49) when based on a percentage of live weight. Females had larger abdominal fat pads than males.All of the heavy lines were similar in the percentages of ash, protein, fat, and dry matter of the carcass. Carcasses of the heavier lines were fatter, contained more dry matter, and less protein and ash than carcasses of the RBC2 line. The body composition of males and females did not differ at 8 weeks of age. However, at 16 and 20 weeks of age, female carcasses contained more fat and dry matter but had less protein and ash than male carcasses.Variation in body weight accounted for from 8 to 15% of the variation of different measures of abdominal fat. Correlation coefficients between live body weight and carcass composition were not statistically significant. Variation in the abdominal fat pad can explain from 36 to 48% of the variation in fat content of the carcasses.

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“…For many years, selection for growth rate has been associated with an increase in breast muscle weight rather than the muscles and leg bones (Nestor et al, 1985;Lilburn, 1994). Increases in leg disorders due to this weight redistribution resulted in considerable attention being given to the morphological characteristics and composition of leg bones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of strain, maternal age and sex on morphological characteristics and composition of tibial bone in broilers

Yalçın¹,

Özkan²,

Coşkuner³

et al. 2001

British Poultry Science

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1. This study was to determine the effects of strain, age of the maternal flock and sex on morphological characteristics and composition of tibial bone of broilers from hatch to 48 d of age. 2. A total of 600 chicks was obtained from 2 strains of broiler breeder flocks (150/chicks/strain/maternal age). Maternal flock age was classified as young (32 to 35 weeks of age) or old (56 to 58 weeks of age). Birds were reared under standard feeding and lighting regimes. 3. On day 1, 16, 32 and 48, twelve birds were selected at random from each maternal group, strain and sex and killed. The wet bone weight and volume were measured. Morphological characteristics of tibia were determined using radiography. Bone breaking strength was tested. Tibia dry matter, ash content, mineral density and collagen level were determined. 4. A quadratic increase occurred with increase in age of broilers for all variables, except proximal width, medial cortex thickness and distal condyle width which increased in a linear manner. 5. Maternal age had a significant effect only on the variably measured at the time of hatch. On day of hatch bone weight, ash content and bone volume were affected by maternal age, but the extent of this also depended on the strain. 6. The differences observed between strains for bone anatomy and bone mineralisation during the rapid growth period of 16 d were not significant at later ages, with the exception of bone volume. Differences between sexes were evident from 16 to 49 d of age with females having lower values.

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The Influence of Genetic Increases in Shank Width on Body Weight, Walking Ability, and Reproduction of Turkeys

Cited by 67 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of dietary protein and sex on walking ability and bone parameters of broilers

Influence of dietary protein and sex on walking ability and bone parameters of broilers

The Influence of Genetic Increases in Body Weight and Shank Width on the Abdominal Fat Pad and Carcass Composition of Turkeys

Effects of strain, maternal age and sex on morphological characteristics and composition of tibial bone in broilers

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