The Influence ofTLR4,CD14,OPG, andRANKLPolymorphisms in Periodontitis: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

The pathogenesis of periodontitis involves a complex interaction between the microbial challenge and the host immune response. The individual immunoinflammatory response has a great contribution in the pathogenesis of the disease and becomes a trigger in the process of bone remodeling which is a characteristic of the disease. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the TLR4 A896G (rs4986790), TLR4 C1196T (rs4986791), CD14 C-260T (rs2569190), RANKL (TNFSF11, rs2277438), and OPG (TNFSF11B C163T, rs3102735) polymorphisms in periodontitis. A case-control study was conducted on patients with periodontitis (N=203) and controls (N=213) over 30 years of age, without diabetes mellitus, acute infections, and osteoarthritis, and patients without aggressive periodontitis, i.e., stage IV and C degree of periodontitis, and any periodontal treatment performed in the last 6 months. Genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP and sequencing method. The frequency comparisons between case and controls were performed using the chi-square test and logistic regression (OpenEpi and SNPStats software). The risk (OR) was evaluated for values of P<0.05. Differences in TLR4, CD14, RANKL, and OPG genotype and allele frequency distributions were not observed between patients and controls. However, some variants were a risk factor for the development of periodontitis when considering gender and smoking habits. The TLR4 896 A/G genotype was a risk factor for periodontitis in males (OR=2.86), and the TLR4 1196C/C genotype was a risk factor for nonsmoking males (OR=1.85) when compared to women. The RANKL A/A and the OPG T/C genotype was associated with the risk of the disease in nonsmoking men compared to nonsmoking women with the same genotype (OR=1.96 and OR=2.9, respectively). In conclusion, TLR4, CD14, RANKL, and OPG variants were not associated with periodontitis. However, TLR4, RANKL, and OPG polymorphisms could be a risk for periodontitis in males regardless of smoking habits.

Influence of inflammasome NLRP3, and IL1B and IL2 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis susceptibility

“…After multivariate analysis we observed a tendency (limited by the low statistical power) of men to be predisposed to the disease when in the presence of some polymorphisms in the inflammasome, cytokine and cytokine receptor genes, regardless of cigarette use. Previous studies had found a correlation between immune gene polymorphisms and men's susceptibility to PD [77,78], including Southern Brazilians patients [13,79]. Thus, our data corroborates in emphasizing the importance of genetic factors in men's susceptibility to developing PD.…”

CD14 Gene (−159 C>T) Polymorphism and its Surface Expression on Monocytes in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

“…Similarly, while comparing alleles between the study groups, mutant T allele was more common in TB patients than in healthy controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. For CD14 (−159 C>T) SNP, C allele is a reference allele in the Asian population [24]. The results of the current study are in agreement with Ayaslioglu et al (2013) who also performed SNP genotyping through PCR-RFLP and could not detect significant difference in allelic as well as in genotype distribution between TB patients [19].…”

Salvianolic Acid C Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells via Toll-Like Receptors 4 (TLR4)/Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) Pathway

“…Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium, primarily induced by microbial challenge and affecting tooth-supporting structures [22,23[. Immune reaction is the major player in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.…”