The influence of information redundancy upon the use of traits and persons as organizing categories

Pryor, John B.; Kott, Teri L.; Bovee, G R

doi:10.1016/0022-1031(84)90050-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…One such alternative is organization by trait attributes (Herstein et al 1980;Pryor et al 1984; for a related study, see Cafferty et al 1986), such that all individuals who are intelligent are stored together in memory. Bond & Brockett (1987) argued against organization by traits , suggesting instead that the individuals' social context serves as the basis for organization (e.g.…”

Section: Hierarchical Representation Of Stored Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Social Cognition

Sherman¹,

Judd²,

Park³

1989

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

161

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Section: Hierarchical Representation Of Stored Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Social Cognition

Sherman¹,

Judd²,

Park³

1989

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

161

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“…Organizing by traits might involve recalling relevant information about initiative for all workers before proceeding to information about eooperativeness. Aspects of this problem have been addressed in research reported by Ostrom and Pryor (Ostrom et al, 1981;Pryor, Kott, & Bovee, 1984;Pryor, Ostrom, Dukerich, Mitchell, & Herstein, 1983;Pryor, Simpson, Mitchell, Ostrom, & Lydon, 1982), by Srull (1983;Srull & Brand, 1983), and by Rothbart (1981;Rothbart, Fulero, Jensen, Howard, & Birrell, 1978). Ostrom et al (1981) concluded that a number of stimulus factors may play a role in determining organization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Search and retrieval patterns for performance information: Effects on evaluations of multiple targets.

Cafferty¹,

DeNisi²,

Williams³

1986

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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In two studies we examined search, organization, and use of performance information about multiple targets. In Study 1, 41 subjects searched among 64 performance vignettes, stored in a 4 X 4 X 4 (Target X Task X Occasion) computer array. The predominant search pattern involved examining a set of performances by one target before proceeding to another. In Study 2 we tested whether various acquisition patterns affect organization and use of performance information. One hundred twentyfive subjects were shown 16 vignettes from Study 1, organized in target-by-target (target blocked), task-by-task (task blocked), or mixed sequences. Results indicated greater recall under blocked than under mixed conditions. Blocking also influenced organization in recall. Target blocking produced clustering by target; task blocking produced clustering by task; mixed presentation produced no discernible clustering. Accuracy of ratings for overall target performance was unaffected by blocking, but task blocking produced better differentiation among instances of good and poor performance exhibited by specific targets.We acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation under Grant BNS-8023252 in carrying out this research. We also acknowledge the extensive and helpful comments of two anonymous reviewers on an earner version of this article.

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“…Research on social cognition suggests that these effects may be quite persistent. From a social information processing perspective, questionnaires make certain attitudes and perspectives relatively salient or cognitively accessible, and given the well-established tendency for people to notice and interpret information in ways that confirm their attitudes (especially when those attitudes are relatively accessible), questionnaires can have a biasing influence on the appraisal of new information, reinforcing the salient attitudes and increasing their impact on behavior (Bargh, 1982;Pryor et al, 1984;Fazio et al, 2000: 199). Research on automaticity suggests that this priming effect can influence subsequent behavior without the target's conscious awareness (Bargh et al, 1996;Chen and Bargh, 1999).…”

Section: Social Influence In the Selection Of Directors: How Network Surveys Can Lead To Change In Board Network Tiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on social information processing has shown that people who are exposed to a concept or a social category more than once in different contexts are more likely to reflexively apply that concept later in other situations (Pryor and Ostrom, 1981;Pryor et al, 1984). Thus CEOs who are repeatedly exposed (on two different occasions) to information about CEO-board relationships that is framed in terms of strategic advice and counsel may be more likely to reflexively assess directors in terms of their ability to provide information and unique perspectives in the decision making process.…”

Section: The Intensification Of Framing Effects Through Repeated Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Research Impact: How Seemingly Innocuous Social Cues in a CEO Survey Can Lead to Change in Board of Director Network Ties

Seidel

Westphal

2004

Strategic Organization

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This study extends earlier research suggesting that board network ties may reflect the strategic and/or political concerns of top managers by considering how the managerial objectives that drive the formation and maintenance of board interlock ties may be subject to social influence. The particular form of social influence examined in this study derives from the social network research process itself. Specifically, we draw from research on social information processing and the framing of information to suggest how the administration of social network surveys can influence managers’ perceptions about their relationship to directors and the potential benefits to be derived from director network ties, thus affecting their subsequent selection of board members in ways that change the firm’s board interlock ties.We also consider how this social influence effect may diffuse beyond the actual survey respondents to create a more pervasive influence on the actions of managers at other firms in the board interlock network. We test our theoretical argument with an original quasiexperiment in which CEOs are randomly assigned to different versions of a survey questionnaire that have the potential to prime different schemata about the possible benefits to be derived from board network ties. Beyond addressing the potential for social influence in the formation and maintenance of board network ties, our study also addresses the potential for unintended reactive measurement effects in social network research, wherein network surveys influence the very ties that they are designed to measure.

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The influence of information redundancy upon the use of traits and persons as organizing categories

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Social Cognition

Social Cognition

Search and retrieval patterns for performance information: Effects on evaluations of multiple targets.

Research Impact: How Seemingly Innocuous Social Cues in a CEO Survey Can Lead to Change in Board of Director Network Ties

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