The Influence of Internal Stresses on the Microbond Test – I: Theoretical Analysis

Abstract

The present work focuses on the interfacial mechanical behaviour of a model composite consisting of a solid droplet on a fibre, generally referred to as the microbond test. The interfacial adhesion is derived from the modelling of stress transfer in the microbond geometry including process-induced internal stresses, following two alternative approaches, namely the numerical discretisation of the droplet profile, and the equivalent cylinder analytical solution. This is in contrast to previous approaches, which mainly consider approximate geometry of the droplet. The numerical derivation provides comprehensive stress field data, whereas the equivalent cylinder approach is less accurate. However, these two approaches are shown to be equivalent as they result in the determination of the same interfacial shear strength. Numerical results clearly demonstrate that the maximum shear strength is located at the inflection point of the droplet profile. This provides an insight into the commonly observed remaining cone of resin on the fibre after debonding. It is further shown that the shear strength obtained by this method is independent of the location of the applied force, provided that the load is applied between the droplet end and its profile inflection point. The model is generalised to the case of a symmetric loading and therefore includes internal stresses. It is then used to predict experimental interfacial shear strength versus droplet length for epoxy/glass, epoxy/Kevlar and epoxy/carbon systems at different levels of internal stresses and contact angle values.

Influence of plastic deformation on single-fiber push-out tests of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin

“…To overcome this problem micromechanical tests, like the single-fiber pull-out test [1,2], the microbond test [3,4] or the fragmentation test [5,6] have been established. The specific values obtained from these tests characterize the fiber-matrix adhesion directly, but the tests have to be performed on model composites.…”

Methods and models for fibre–matrix interface characterisation in fibre-reinforced polymers: a review

“…where the droplet volume, V droplet , is given in [292]. Pandey et al [339] in their 2D (axisymmetric) and simplified 3D (no interphase region) FEMs, assessed the major effects of blade separation and geometry (i.e.…”

“…Carroll's method [285] calculates the angle with optically observed droplet length and radius, and the based on the Young–Dupre equation for a cylindrical geometry. This equation is limited to the systems with negligible gravitational forces acting upon the droplet relative to the capillary forces, which is the case for the microbond specimens having droplet dimensions of few 10 and viscosities of typical polymers [292]. Using Carroll's method, Mendels et al [292] determined with a precision of ±0.1°.…”

“…This equation is limited to the systems with negligible gravitational forces acting upon the droplet relative to the capillary forces, which is the case for the microbond specimens having droplet dimensions of few 10 and viscosities of typical polymers [292]. Using Carroll's method, Mendels et al [292] determined with a precision of ±0.1°.…”

Interlaminar fracture toughness improvement in composites with hyperbranched polymer modified resin

“…This value is then reported as a function of the embedded length and an intrinsic value of the interfacial shear strength s 0 is obtained according to Mendels et al [20,21]:…”