The influence of isokinetic peak torque and muscular power on the functional performance of active and inactive community-dwelling elderly: a cross-sectional study

Moura, Tayla Gomes de; Nagata, Cristiane de Almeida; Garcia, Patrícia Azevedo

doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.03.003

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For example, it has been estimated that a mere 1% improvement in performance can double the odds of victory for an elite athlete [65]; in this context a 5% increase is enormous. Similarly, based on data from de Moura et al [66] a 5% increase in maximal knee extensor power would be expected to reduce the odds of limitations in dynamic balance, habitual gait speed, or chair stand performance in inactive elderly subjects by roughly one-third. Thus, it is clear that dietary NO 3 − holds considerable potential as a means of enhancing muscular power in both athletic and patient populations alike.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary nitrate on human muscle power: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Coggan

Baranauskas

Hinrichs

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Previous narrative reviews have concluded that dietary nitrate (NO3−) improves maximal neuromuscular power in humans. This conclusion, however, was based on a limited number of studies, and no attempt has been made to quantify the exact magnitude of this beneficial effect. Such information would help ensure adequate statistical power in future studies and could help place the effects of dietary NO3− on various aspects of exercise performance (i.e., endurance vs. strength vs. power) in better context. We therefore undertook a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis to quantify the effects of NO3− supplementation on human muscle power. Methods The literature was searched using a strategy developed by a health sciences librarian. Data sources included Medline Ovid, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. Studies were included if they used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover experimental design to measure the effects of dietary NO3− on maximal power during exercise in the non-fatigued state and the within-subject correlation could be determined from data in the published manuscript or obtained from the authors. Results Nineteen studies of a total of 268 participants (218 men, 50 women) met the criteria for inclusion. The overall effect size (ES; Hedge’s g) calculated using a fixed effects model was 0.42 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.29, 0.56; p = 6.310 × 10− 11). There was limited heterogeneity between studies (i.e., I2 = 22.79%, H2 = 1.30, p = 0.3460). The ES estimated using a random effects model was therefore similar (i.e., 0.45, 95% CI 0.30, 0.61; p = 1.064 × 10− 9). Sub-group analyses revealed no significant differences due to subject age, sex, or test modality (i.e., small vs. large muscle mass exercise). However, the ES in studies using an acute dose (i.e., 0.54, 95% CI 0.37, 0.71; p = 6.774 × 10− 12) was greater (p = 0.0211) than in studies using a multiple dose regimen (i.e., 0.22, 95% CI 0.01, 0.43; p = 0.003630). Conclusions Acute or chronic dietary NO3− intake significantly increases maximal muscle power in humans. The magnitude of this effect–on average, ~ 5%–is likely to be of considerable practical and clinical importance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary nitrate on human muscle power: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Coggan

Baranauskas

Hinrichs

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Moreover, the mild-AD group had acceptable SEM% and MDC 95 % for average peak torque of the knee flexors, which was not found in the moderate-AD group. Reliable isokinetic measures for the evaluation of knee flexors in older adults with AD is important, as isokinetic variables of knee flexor muscle strength have been found to be associated with mobility and lower limb muscle strength in healthy older adults [ 11 ]. In contrast, the analysis of the maintenance of maximum strength (total work) revealed that the knee extensors had the best absolute reliability values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adaptation and standardization of the isokinetic evaluations were ensured with communication strategies adopted for the participants with AD, such as maintaining eye contact when speaking, speaking slowly and clearly, explaining the actions prior to their execution as well as repeating the explanation of the correct execution and demonstrating the tests. Prior to the isokinetic evaluations on D1 and D2, an explanation was given and the tests were demonstrated on the non-dominant lower limb, followed by familiarization on the dominant lower limb for each test and angular velocity with three submaximal repetitions and one maximum repetition [ 9 – 11 ]. After familiarization, the main examiner asked the participants if they understood the execution of the tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproducibility of isokinetic measures of the knee and ankle muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults without and with Alzheimer’s disease

et al. 2022

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Background To interpret changes of muscle strength in older adults with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), determining the reliability of outcome measures is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative and absolute intra-rater reliability of concentric isokinetic measures of the knee and ankle muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults without and with AD in the mild and moderate stages. Methods A methodological study was conducted. The participants were submitted to two isokinetic evaluations with an interval of three to seven days. The evaluations consisted of knee extension and flexion at 60°/s (five repetitions) and 180°/s (15 repetitions) and plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle at 30°/s (five repetitions). The measures of interest were peak torque, average peak torque and total work. The intraclass correlation coefficient two-way mixed model of a single-measure (ICC3,1), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence interval (MDC95) were calculated. The ICC3,1 was interpreted based on Munro’s classification. Standard error of measurement and MDC95 were analyzed in absolute and relative values (percentage of error [SEM%] and change [MDC95%]). Results A total of 62 older adults were included and allocated to the three groups: mild-AD (n = 22, 79.9 years, 15 female and seven male), moderate-AD (n = 20, 81.6 years, 15 female and five male) and without-AD (n = 20, 74.3 years, 10 female and seven male). The ICCs3,1 of the measures of knee were high/very high in the three groups (0.71–0.98). The ICCs3,1 of the measures of ankle were high/very high in the mild-AD group (0.78–0.92), moderate/high/very high in the moderate-AD group (0.63–0.93) and high/very high in the group without-AD (0.84–0.97). The measurements of knee extensors at 60°/s, knee extensors (peak torque and total work), with the exception of peak torque in the mild-AD group, and flexors (average peak torque) at 180°/s, and ankle dorsiflexors at 30°/s had the lowest of SEM% and MDC95% in the three groups. Conclusion Concentric isokinetic measures are reliable for the assessment of knee and ankle muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults without and with AD in the mild and moderate stages.

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“…Additionally, angle of peak torque is an important measure of muscle function because it represents the optimal point of torque and angular displacement, showing the interaction between length and tension relationship and changes in the angle of insertion [1,9]. Lastly, average power is related to dynamic balance, mobility and lower limb function [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Familiarization on the Reliability of Isokinetic Assessment in Breast Cancer Survivors

Lima

Battaglini

Ugliara

et al. 2020

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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Purpose To determine the amount of familiarization sessions required by breast cancer survivors to achieve a reliable measurement of muscle function assessed using isokinetic dynamometry. Methods Twenty-six breast cancer survivors performed three isokinetic knee extension tests separated by, at least, 48 h. The isokinetic testing protocol included one warm-up set of 10 submaximal knee extensions at 120°/s, followed by two sets of four maximal knee extensions at 60°/s, with 2-min rest interval between sets. Peak torque (PT), time to peak torque (TPT), angle of peak torque (APT), and average power (AP) of each trial was used for the assessment of testing reliability. Percentage change in the mean, typical error, coefficient of variation and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 2.1 ) were calculated to determine test-retest reliability. Results For PT, change in mean was lower between trials 2 and 3 than between trials 1 and 2 (4.18% and 13.18%, respectively), and ICC was greater between trials 2 and 3 than between trials 1 and 2 (0.962 and 0.818, respectively). For TPT and APT, ICC was clinically acceptable only between trials 2 and 3 (0.757 and 0.803, respectively). For AP, change in mean was clinically acceptable between trials 2 and 3 (9.84%), while ICC met acceptable reliability between both, trials 1 and 2 and, trials 2 and 3 (0.756 and 0.891, respectively). Conclusion At least one familiarization session is adequate to achieve reliable measurements of muscle function using isokinetic dynamometry, while avoiding the impact of learning effect of the measurements in breast cancer survivors.

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The influence of isokinetic peak torque and muscular power on the functional performance of active and inactive community-dwelling elderly: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of dietary nitrate on human muscle power: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Effect of dietary nitrate on human muscle power: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Reproducibility of isokinetic measures of the knee and ankle muscle strength in community-dwelling older adults without and with Alzheimer’s disease

The Effect of Familiarization on the Reliability of Isokinetic Assessment in Breast Cancer Survivors

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