The influence of maternal vaginal flora on the intestinal colonization in newborns and 3-month-old infants

Gabriel, Iwona; Olejek, Anita; Stencel-Gabriel, Krystyna; Wielgoś, Mirosław

doi:10.1080/14767058.2017.1319352

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another study reported a prevalence of S. aureus vaginal colonisation in pregnant women similar to ours [25]. The bacteria that colonise the vagina of women in labour play an important role in newborn health such as defining their early gut microbiota [26]. A recent study has demonstrated that maternal vaginal colonisation with E. coli or S. aureus is significantly associated with pathogens isolated from the blood of neonates with early-onset sepsis [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Vaginal colonisation of women in labour with potentially pathogenic bacteria: a cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities in Central Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background: Potentially pathogenic bacteria that colonise the lower genital tract of women in labour can be passed to the baby during birth. While many babies become colonised with these bacteria after delivery, a few develop neonatal infections. The lower genital tract is a reservoir for potential pathogens and a source of infection for neonates. We determined the prevalence of vaginal colonisation of potentially pathogenic bacteria among women in labour in Central Uganda and identified potential risk factors associated with this colonisation. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities and collected vaginal swabs from HIV-1 negative women in labour. Specimens were cultured on different selective microbiological media, and biochemical tests were used to classify bacterial isolates on the species level. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the association between relevant exposures and colonisation with potentially pathogenic bacteria. Results: We recruited 1472 women in labour whose mean age was 24.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 4.9). Of these, 955 (64.9%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 62.4, 67%) were vaginally colonised with at least one potentially pathogenic bacterial species. The most commonly isolated species were Escherichia coli (n = 508; 34.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 144; 9.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 121; 8.2%). Results from exploratory multivariable regression analyses indicated that having had ≥5 previous pregnancies (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.59; 95% CI 0.35, 0.97) or being ≥30 years old (aOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.03, 2.23) could be associated with vaginal colonisation with any potentially pathogenic bacteria, as well as with vaginal colonisation with S. aureus (aOR 0.33; 95% CI 0.12, 0.88, and aOR 2.17; 95% CI 1.17, 4.00, respectively). Possession of domestic animals in a household (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.35, 0.92) could be associated with vaginal colonisation with E. coli. Conclusions: Two-thirds of HIV-1 negative women in labour were vaginally colonised by potentially pathogenic bacteria, mainly E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Vaginal colonisation of women in labour with potentially pathogenic bacteria: a cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities in Central Uganda

et al. 2020

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“…The sources of C. difficile could be linked to environmental factors rather than the mother, as C. difficile was detected on the hands and in the stools from healthy hospital personnel [ 39 , 71 ]. Notably, C. difficile has been considered as a microorganism that exists exclusively in hospitals [ 72 ] and has been shown to be absent from vaginal swabs from women prior to delivery [ 73 , 74 ]. This may explain the high levels of C. difficile identified in hospital-born and C-section infants [ 39 ].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Gi Microbiome Development After Birthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Microbiome Development in Neonates

2018

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The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition, potentially impacting upon later disease risk, such as asthma, metabolic disorder, and inflammatory bowel disease. The sterility dogma of the foetus in utero is challenged by studies that identified bacteria, bacterial DNA, or bacterial products in meconium, amniotic fluid, and the placenta; indicating the initiation of maternal-to-offspring microbial colonisation in utero. This narrative review aims to provide a better understanding of factors that affect the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome during prenatal, perinatal to postnatal life, and their reciprocal relationship with GI tract development in neonates.

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“…The gut is the most extensively studied niche of the human microbiome. Multiple studies have characterized the initial gut microbiota development in infants (Bazanella et al, 2017; Gabriel et al, 2017; Hill et al, 2017). However, no studies have investigated bladder colonization in early life.…”

Section: Strategies For Future Urinary Microbial Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current Evidence on the Association Between the Urinary Microbiome and Urinary Incontinence in Women

Govender

Gabriel

Minassian

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Urinary incontinence (UI) is a burdensome condition with high prevalence in middle-aged to older women and an unclear etiology. Advances in our understanding of host-microbe interactions in the urogenital tract have stimulated interest in the urinary microbiome. DNA sequencing and enhanced urine culture suggest that similarly to other mucosal sites, the urinary bladder of healthy individuals harbors resident microbial communities that may play distinct roles in bladder function. This review focused on the urobiome (expanded quantitative urine culture-based or genomic sequencing-based urinary microbiome) associated with different subtypes of UI, including stress, urgency and mixed urinary incontinence, and related syndromes, such as interstitial cystitis and overactive bladder in women, contrasted to urinary tract infections. Furthermore, we examined clinical evidence for the association of the urinary microbiome with responses to pharmacotherapy for amelioration of UI symptoms. Although published studies are still relatively limited in number, study design and sample size, cumulative evidence suggests that certain Lactobacillus species may play a role in maintaining a healthy bladder milieu. Higher bacterial diversity in the absence of Lactobacillus dominance was associated with urgency UI and resistance to anticholinergic treatment for this condition. UI may also facilitate the persistence of uropathogens following antibiotic treatment, which in turn can alter the commensal/potentially beneficial microbial communities. Risk factors of UI, including age, menopausal status, sex steroid hormones, and body mass index may also impact the urinary microbiome. However, it is yet unclear whether the effects of these risks factors on UI are mediated by urinary host-microbe interactions and a mechanistic link with the female urogenital microbiome is still to be established. Strategies for future research are suggested.

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The influence of maternal vaginal flora on the intestinal colonization in newborns and 3-month-old infants

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Vaginal colonisation of women in labour with potentially pathogenic bacteria: a cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities in Central Uganda

Vaginal colonisation of women in labour with potentially pathogenic bacteria: a cross sectional study at three primary health care facilities in Central Uganda

Factors Affecting Gastrointestinal Microbiome Development in Neonates

The Current Evidence on the Association Between the Urinary Microbiome and Urinary Incontinence in Women

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